Buca

Endotracheal aspiration is an important procedure used in neonatal intensive care to clear airways and improve oxygen levels in newborns who are intubated. This study investigates how two types of suction systems, open and closed, affect the pain and vital signs of newborn babies. The goal is to find better evidence-based nursing practices that reduce complications from suctioning in these vulnerable infants. Each newborn in the study will experience both suction methods as part of their care. The open suction method will be done first each day and serve as the control, while the closed suction method will be done second and serve as the experimental approach. This allows comparison of how each system impacts the baby's comfort and health during the procedures. Researchers will monitor pain levels, oxygen saturation, and heart rate before, during, and 30 minutes after each suction event to assess effects. Newborns will be carefully observed throughout for any changes in these vital signs. Participation involves undergoing suction as needed with close monitoring to understand which system better supports the baby's well-being during treatment.

Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a common cause of spinal cord problems in adults, leading to worsening difficulties with movement, sensation, and bladder control. Accurate and standardized measurements of neurological function help doctors make treatment decisions and evaluate progress. This research is focused on adapting and validating a Turkish version of the Modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score, a tool widely used to assess neurological status in DCM patients, since no validated Turkish version currently exists. The study will include adult patients aged 18 and older with confirmed DCM based on clinical and MRI findings. Researchers will review previous cervical MRI scans to identify affected spinal areas and will collect demographic and clinical information. The Turkish mJOA score will be compared to other clinical tools like the Neck Disability Index and Nurick grading system to assess validity. Two independent clinicians will evaluate patients to measure consistency, and stable patients will be re-tested after 7-14 days to check test-retest reliability. The time needed to complete the mJOA will also be recorded to assess ease of use. Participants will be evaluated during outpatient visits, where clinical scales and questionnaires will be completed. Researchers will analyze how well the Turkish mJOA correlates with other disability measures and disease severity grades. The study will also monitor for any floor or ceiling effects in scoring. No treatments or interventions are involved, and no adverse events are expected. This work aims to provide a reliable and practical Turkish tool for assessing DCM, supporting better clinical care and research comparisons internationally.