Karabaglar

Hyperkyphosis is a condition characterized by an increased forward curvature of the upper spine, often caused by poor posture and muscle weakness. This condition can lead to symptoms such as forward head positioning, rounded shoulders, scapular winging, back pain, balance problems, and breathing difficulties. The study aims to compare how Hatha yoga and reformer Pilates exercises affect posture, pain, balance, quality of life, body image, body composition, and respiratory function in people with hyperkyphosis. Participants will be divided into three groups: one will follow a home-based physical activity program based on national guidelines; the second will practice Hatha yoga, including sun salutations and postures that stretch front muscles and strengthen back muscles, with sessions ending in relaxation; the third group will perform reformer Pilates exercises focusing on warming up with foot series and exercises targeting the thoracic and core regions. Each intervention is designed to improve posture and physical function over time. Throughout the 8-week study, participants will undergo various assessments at the start and end, including posture evaluation scales, measurements of spinal curvature, balance tests, pain scales, quality of life questionnaires, body image assessments, pulmonary function tests, and body composition measurements. These evaluations will help researchers understand the effects of the exercise programs on physical and respiratory health, pain, and overall well-being.

Researchers are investigating the combination of lasofoxifene and abemaciclib compared to fulvestrant and abemaciclib to treat women and men with locally advanced or metastatic estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-) breast cancer that has an ESR1 mutation. This phase 3 study includes patients who have previously received treatment with ribociclib or palbociclib and aims to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of these treatment combinations. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either oral lasofoxifene at 5 mg daily combined with oral abemaciclib 150 mg twice a day, or intramuscular fulvestrant 500 mg on specific days followed by monthly doses plus oral abemaciclib 150 mg twice daily. The treatment schedules are designed to compare how well these combinations work in managing the cancer. During the study, participants will be closely monitored for progression-free survival over approximately three years. Researchers will assess the cancer's response to treatment, track any side effects, and evaluate safety and tolerability. Regular evaluations and follow-ups will ensure comprehensive data collection to understand the impact of these therapies on advanced breast cancer.

This research aims to explore how respiratory muscle strength, respiratory muscle endurance, cough strength, and balance relate to each other in adolescent volleyball players. The study focuses on young athletes aged 10 to 19 who have not yet completed their developmental period. It addresses a gap in previous research by investigating these important physical factors that may affect sports performance and fatigue during competition. Participants will undergo physical evaluations to measure their respiratory muscle strength, endurance, cough strength, and balance. These assessments will provide detailed information about their respiratory and physical capabilities relevant to volleyball performance. The study does not involve treatments but focuses on observational measurements. During the study, participants will be regularly assessed for respiratory muscle strength and other parameters over approximately one year. Researchers will monitor these physical attributes to understand their relationships and potential impact on athletic performance. This ongoing evaluation will help identify connections between respiratory functions and balance in adolescent volleyball players.

Researchers are evaluating the effect of Seladelpar on clinical outcomes in patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) who have compensated cirrhosis. This Phase 3 study focuses on adults with PBC and cirrhosis classified as Child-Pugh (CP) score A or B to better understand how Seladelpar may impact the disease course compared to placebo treatment. Participants will be assigned to receive either Seladelpar or a placebo daily for up to 36 months. Those with CP-A cirrhosis will take 10 mg of Seladelpar once daily, while those with CP-B cirrhosis will take 5 mg once daily. The placebo group will take one capsule daily for the same duration. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design ensures that the effects of Seladelpar can be assessed rigorously against a control. Throughout the study, participants will be monitored regularly with scheduled assessments to evaluate their health and response to treatment. Researchers will measure Event Free Survival over 36 months as the primary outcome. Safety and liver function will be closely observed through laboratory tests and clinical evaluations. Participants must comply with study requirements and complete all scheduled visits during the treatment period.