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Researchers are evaluating the safety of an investigational varicella vaccine VNS Vaccine compared to an approved varicella vaccine called Varivax. This study focuses on healthy children aged 12 to 15 months who have not had chickenpox or received any varicella vaccine before. The goal is to understand how well the new vaccine is tolerated in this young population. Participants will receive one dose of either the investigational varicella vaccine or the marketed Varivax vaccine, both given by injection under the skin. Along with the varicella vaccine, each child will also receive one dose each of measles, mumps, and rubella MMR vaccine, hepatitis A vaccine, and a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine PCV, which may be PCV 13, Vaxneuvance, or PCV 20, depending on availability and national recommendations. All vaccines are given on the first day of the study. During the study, parents will record any side effects their child experiences, particularly those related to the injection site or systemic symptoms like fever, for up to 43 days. Researchers will monitor any adverse events, including serious and medically attended events, for up to 181 days after vaccination. This helps assess the safety and tolerability of the investigational vaccine over a period of about six months.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and immune response of a new multivalent pneumococcal vaccine called PG4 compared to the currently used 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 20vPnC in healthy infants. The study aims to understand how well the new vaccine helps fight germs causing pneumonia, meningitis, and ear infections. This phase 3 trial involves infants aged 2 to 6 months and seeks to determine if the new vaccine is as safe as the existing one while assessing its immune response when given alongside other childhood vaccines. Participants are divided into three groups based on age and location. Group 1 includes about 3000 infants aged 2 months who receive either PG4 or 20vPnC by injection into the left thigh muscle at ages 2, 4, 6, and 12 to 15 months. Groups 2 and 3, with about 230 infants outside the United States aged 2 to 6 months, receive vaccinations on a slightly different schedule, with Group 3 exploring both intramuscular and subcutaneous administration of PG4. Participants have a randomized chance of receiving one of the study vaccines. During the study, infants will attend six clinic visits and one phone call where parents report any side effects. Blood samples will be collected three times to assess the immune response by measuring proteins that fight the germs. Researchers will track local and systemic reactions, adverse events, and serious adverse events throughout the study period, which lasts about 1 to 1.5 years depending on the group. The study monitors safety closely to compare the new vaccines effects with the current standard vaccine.