Cullowhee

Researchers are studying the effects of different focus of attention styles on motor learning and performance of the sit to stand movement in people who have had a stroke more than six months ago. The study aims to find out whether focusing internally on body movements or externally on outside targets leads to better use of the affected leg and improved trunk position during this task. This trial also examines how these focus styles affect motor learning retention and transfer to walking. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an internal or external focus of attention group during training. Each participant performs four sets of ten sit to stand repetitions on a mat with seat height progressively lowered to increase challenge. Instructions and feedback are given according to group assignment, with verbal corrections during training. After training, sit to stand and gait measurements will be taken at baseline, 5 minutes, and 1 hour post-training. One week later, participants repeat the protocol using the opposite focus condition. Participants provide demographic and clinical information and undergo assessments including stroke scales and cognitive tests for eligibility. Measurements include foot pressure during sit to stand, trunk alignment, and gait parameters using specialized mats and sensors. Questionnaires about focus during training are completed. Safety is ensured by an investigator guarding participants throughout. Each session lasts 2 to 3 hours and involves training, testing, and rest periods.