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Researchers are comparing the rates of surgical and minimally invasive interventions, as well as any harms, in Medicare beneficiaries treated with the MILD procedure versus those treated with interspinous process decompression IPD for lumbar spinal stenosis with neurogenic claudication. This observational study uses Medicare claims data to follow patients for 24 months after their initial procedure starting from January 1, 2017. The purpose is to evaluate outcomes between these two types of procedures without requiring prior patient enrollment or consent. The study includes two groups patients who received MILD, which is a percutaneous image-guided lumbar decompression performed under fluoroscopic guidance through a dorsal approach to the spine, and patients who received IPD, a different device-based decompression procedure. Data on reoperations and complications will be collected for both groups over a 24-month follow-up period using Medicare claims. Enrollment continues until the sponsor decides to stop. Participants involvement is passive as the study uses existing Medicare claims data. Researchers will monitor rates of harms related to the initial procedure and subsequent surgical or minimally invasive interventions over two years. No direct patient visits or interventions are conducted, and the study is exempt from institutional review board oversight. The total study duration extends to December 2026, covering cases treated since early 2017.

This registry study is designed to continuously evaluate and periodically report the safety and effectiveness of Medtronic medical products that are already available on the market. It aims to support patients, hospitals, clinicians, regulatory bodies, payers, and industry by simplifying clinical surveillance and promoting advanced performance assessments with minimal burden. Participants include patients who have or are planned to receive an eligible Medtronic product. Enrollment can occur at any time relative to therapy start or retrospectively. The study involves ongoing data collection related to the use of these products in routine clinical care. Throughout participation, patients are monitored for safety and effectiveness outcomes approximately every 6 to 12 months, depending on the therapy. Data gathered helps assess product performance over time while minimizing additional visits or procedures. Follow-up continues until the studys completion, which extends to the year 2040.