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This research aims to compare the effects of usual care including regional radiation therapy with no regional radiation therapy in women with low-risk breast cancer. It focuses on patients with node positive breast cancer or T3N0 disease who typically receive endocrine therapy and possibly chemotherapy to prevent cancer recurrence. The study examines whether skipping regional radiotherapy still effectively prevents breast cancer from returning, potentially reducing unnecessary treatment and side effects. Participants will be divided into two groups: one receiving radiotherapy to the breast/chest area and surrounding lymph nodes, and the other receiving no regional radiotherapy. The study evaluates standard treatments, ensuring radiation therapy starts within specific time frames after surgery or chemotherapy. Treatments include breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy, along with endocrine therapy planned for at least five years. During the study, researchers will monitor breast cancer recurrence-free intervals over approximately 9.5 years. Participants will undergo regular assessments to track cancer status, side effects, and overall health. The study includes quality of life questionnaires for some patients and requires ongoing follow-up to document treatment effects, adverse events, and long-term outcomes.

Researchers are evaluating a phase III trial comparing shorter chemo-immunotherapy without anthracycline drugs to the usual chemo-immunotherapy for treating early-stage triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study focuses on whether the anthracycline-free treatment combined with pembrolizumab is at least as effective as the standard anthracycline-containing regimen in preventing breast cancer events. The trial also examines various secondary outcomes including pathological response, survival rates, safety, tolerability, patient-reported quality of life measures, and translational objectives related to tumor immune markers. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. The first group receives paclitaxel, carboplatin, and pembrolizumab intravenously followed by doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and pembrolizumab before surgery. The second group receives docetaxel, carboplatin, and pembrolizumab intravenously before surgery. After surgery, patients in both groups may continue pembrolizumab treatment. Blood samples may be collected throughout the trial for additional analyses. During the study, participants undergo multiple assessments including imaging, blood tests, and physical exams before starting treatment. Patient-reported outcomes such as fatigue and physical function are collected through questionnaires. Follow-up visits occur every six months for two years, then annually up to five years to monitor breast cancer event-free survival and overall health. Safety and quality of life are continuously evaluated, and banking of physical specimens is performed for future research.

Researchers are evaluating how well osimertinib works in treating adults with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has a specific EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation. This phase II study focuses on patients with stage IIIB-IV or recurrent disease after improvement. The trial aims to assess the tumor response to osimertinib and to understand its safety, impact on survival, and molecular markers related to treatment response and resistance. Participants receive osimertinib orally once daily in 21-day cycles, continuing until disease progression or unacceptable side effects occur. The study includes procedures like echocardiography or multigated acquisition scans to monitor heart function, plus MRI or CT scans with contrast to evaluate the cancer. Blood samples are collected throughout to analyze tumor DNA and other biomarkers. After treatment ends, participants are followed up at 30 days and then every three months for up to five years. During the trial, patients undergo regular imaging and heart function tests to monitor treatment effects and safety. Researchers track the best objective tumor response and collect data on progression-free and overall survival. The study also involves ongoing assessments of molecular markers through blood and tissue samples to understand how the cancer responds or becomes resistant to osimertinib. The total participation time can extend up to five years due to long-term follow-up visits.