Study of Mediterranean Diet Effects on Pregnancy and Baby Development Focusing on Epigenetics and Inflammation in Mothers and Newborns

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are investigating how following a Mediterranean-style diet during pregnancy may influence both the health of the mother and the development of the baby. This observational study focuses on understanding the diets potential anti-inflammatory effects and epigenetic changes that could impact fetal growth and neurodevelopment. The study will establish a cohort of mother-newborn pairs to explore these relationships and their public health implications. Pregnant women within their first trimester will be enrolled and followed through pregnancy, with detailed dietary assessments using questionnaires and real-time recording methods at multiple gestational periods 11-13, 20-22, and 30-32 weeks. Biological samples including venous blood during pregnancy and umbilical cord blood and saliva after delivery will be collected to analyze inflammation markers and epigenetic changes. The study aims to link maternal diet, inflammation, and newborn outcomes. Participants will undergo standard clinical and ultrasound examinations to assess fetal growth at specified gestational weeks. After birth, newborn growth and neurocognitive development will be followed up at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months using standardized measures including the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Data on maternal health, pregnancy complications, and infant development will be collected alongside biological samples. The primary outcome is obstetric and perinatal complications over 9 months, with newborn growth and development also measured.

Mediterranean Diet on Pregnancy and Foetus Development