Lung Ultrasound to Reduce Chest X-rays in Very Preterm Infants During First 2 Weeks After Birth: A Randomised Controlled Trial

What this Trial Is About

This research aims to evaluate whether lung ultrasound can reduce the number of chest X-rays and radiation exposure in very preterm babies born before 32 weeks' gestation who need breathing support after birth. The study addresses the urgent need for safer, real-time lung monitoring tools in Neonatal Intensive Care Units, as current chest X-rays are limited due to radiation risks and availability delays. Chronic lung disease is increasing in these fragile infants, making better imaging methods critical for improving care. Babies admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: one will receive lung ultrasound as the first imaging tool, while the other will receive chest X-rays as usual. Lung ultrasound is a radiation-free, quick, and gentle form of imaging already used for brain and heart scans in preterm babies. In the ultrasound group, chest X-rays may still be ordered if needed for additional information. The study will measure imaging use and safety during the first two weeks after birth. Participants will be closely monitored with assessments including the number of X-rays taken, radiation exposure, timing of lung imaging and treatment initiation, and duration of breathing support. Safety will be tracked by recording adverse events, and the study will also evaluate cost-effectiveness and acceptability of lung ultrasound among healthcare workers. The total study period includes monitoring until hospital discharge or death, with follow-up up to 12 months.

MINImising Total Radiation EXposure in Preterm Infants