Modulation of Periapical Inflammation Following Nano-Calcium Hydroxide and Nano-Chitosan Intracanal Medications in Endodontic Retreatment Cases: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are investigating how different intracanal medications affect inflammation in teeth that need retreatment due to persistent infection after root canal therapy. The study focuses on periapical inflammation, a common issue where immune responses cause tissue and bone changes around the tooth root. Small molecules called microRNAs, especially miR-146a, may play a role in controlling this inflammation, but more data is needed on their function after root canal disinfection. Participants are randomly assigned to one of three groups, each receiving a different intracanal medication: nanochitosan paste, nano-calcium hydroxide paste, or regular calcium hydroxide paste. After cleaning the root canal with specialized tools and irrigation solutions, the assigned medication is placed inside the canal for one week. The procedure includes local anesthesia, infection control steps, and temporary sealing of the tooth. After one week, the medication is removed, samples are collected, and the tooth is permanently filled. During the study, patients will undergo multiple assessments including microbiological sampling and measurement of inflammatory markers like IL-10 and TNF-b1 after one week. Pain levels and cellular changes in the periapical area are also monitored. Safety is ensured through strict procedures and monitoring for any adverse events. Participation lasts about one week from medication placement to final evaluation, with follow-up and safety checks incorporated.

Modulation of Periapical Inflammation Following Nano-sized Intracanal Medication. A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial