Inclusion Criteria for PD:

• Male or female patients aged between 45-75 years old.
• Clinical diagnosis of PD according to UK Brain Bank Criteria.
• 3 months of clinical stability before study enrolment.
• Anti-parkinsonian medication is fixed for at least 3 months prior to study entry.

Inclusion Criteria for MS:

• Male or female patients 18 years old or older.
• Diagnosis of RR-MS according to McDonald criteria.
• Expanded Disability Status Scale(EDSS) lower or equal to 5.5.
• Stable disease for at least 30 days prior to study entry.
• Stable disease-modifying therapy for at least 3 months prior to study entry.

Common inclusion criteria for MS and PD:

• No changes in drug treatment during 6 months-study treatment.
• Patients understand and comply with the study procedure and are able to complete tests and examinations required by the project.
• Written informed consent.

Inclusion criteria for pediatric patients:

• Eligible patients are those clinically stable;
• Age range from 1 to 10, between 5 and 30 kg.
• Patients not involved in other clinical trials.

Exclusion criteria for PD and MS:

• Absolute contraindications to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
• Concomitant neurological disease or severe co-morbidities able to influence outcomes such as spinal injury, cancer, dementia, or other central nervous system diseases such as stroke, epilepsy or psychiatric disorders;
• Total score of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)<24.
• Participating in other clinical trials.
• Pregnant/lactating.