Alloimmunization after granulocyte transfusions.
D F Stroncek, K Leonard, G Eiber...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8937413/Actively Recruiting
Led by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) · Updated on 2026-07-28
25
Participants Needed
1
Research Sites
N/A
Total Duration
Researchers are evaluating a new procedure for males aged 18 to 75 with Chronic Granulomatous Disease CGD, a genetic condition where the bodys cells cannot effectively kill germs, leading to frequent or severe infections. This phase 1, open-label trial aims to test the safety and feasibility of giving patients granulocyte-enriched blood cells corrected with messenger RNA mRNA to restore the function of a critical protein called gp91phox. The study seeks to find the maximum tolerated dose of these corrected cells through a dose-escalation design. Participants will undergo a process called apheresis to collect their white blood cells, which will then be treated with mRNA to correct the gene mutation before being infused back into their bloodstream. The study includes three increasing dose levels of the corrected cells, each tested in groups of at least three patients. Participants will be hospitalized for at least seven days for the cell collection, infusion, and monitoring. Following discharge, they will keep a symptom diary, have weekly contact for one month, monthly follow-ups, and a final visit three months after the infusion. During the study, participants will have multiple assessments including physical exams, blood and urine tests, and throat swabs to monitor safety and immune responses. Researchers will measure the presence and activity of the corrected granulocytes in the blood, monitor for adverse events, and assess inflammatory and immune reactions. The total study participation lasts about three months after the infusion, with regular contact and evaluations to track the treatments effects and safety.
CONDITIONS
NADPH Oxidase Correction in mRNA-transfected Granulocyte-enriched Cells in Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD)
J
Joanna L Peterson
S
Suk S De Ravin, M.D.
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National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Lead Sponsor
This table compares participation in this trial with other options available for this condition. The information is drawn from published research and the trial’s study details and is provided for educational purposes only.
| Factors | gp91-Grans cellular infusion (investigational) | Donor granulocyte transfusion (current-care option) |
|---|---|---|
| What it is | An investigational infusion of granulocytes from healthy donors, enriched and transfected with gp91phox mRNA ex vivo, to restore NADPH oxidase activity in CGD granulocytes. | Infusion of donor-derived granulocytes to provide temporary functional neutrophils, typically given to CGD patients with severe and refractory infections when conventional therapies are insufficient. |
| Role in trial/care | Tested as a novel, potentially disease-modifying cellular therapy. The trial aims to identify the maximum tolerated dose and short-term biological activity in adult CGD. | Used as a bridging or adjunctive measure to support infection control when antifungal or antibiotic therapies are insufficient in high-risk CGD patients, not considered disease-modifying. |
| Primary use/goal | To explore the safety and optimal dose of gp91-Grans infusions and determine whether the treatment restores DHR-positive granulocytes in the blood of adult CGD patients for a short term. | To temporarily increase circulating functional granulocytes in patients with severe infection, aiming to reduce infection severity when other therapies are failing. |
| How it is given/performed | Participants receive sequential doses of mRNA-transfected granulocytes by intravenous infusion, monitoring for adverse events and laboratory response at each dose level. | Donor granulocytes collected by apheresis are transfused intravenously, usually in repeated doses, under close monitoring for reactions and alloimmunization risk. |
| Evidence status | No clinical efficacy outcome published yet. Safety, dosing, and short-term biological effect on DHR+ granulocytes are primary measurements. Larger clinical benefit remains unestablished. | Clinical experience and case series suggest that granulocyte transfusions can provide transient improvement in neutrophil function; benefit is typically limited to severe, refractory infections. Alloimmunization and short cell survival are important limitations. |
| Important risks | Risks include infusion reactions, alloimmunization, and possible exacerbation of underlying comorbidities; full safety profile is not established as the therapy is investigational and being studied in a dose-escalation protocol. | Risks include infusion reactions (fever, chills, allergic reactions), alloimmunization leading to decreased cell survival, and transmission of infectious agents; repeated use increases risk of alloimmunization and diminishing benefit. |
| Important limitations | Study is an early-stage, single-site, small-sample trial; focus is on safety, dosing, and short-term laboratory effect, without established clinical benefit or long-term follow-up. | Granulocyte transfusions provide only short-lived increases in neutrophil number and function, with benefit limited by rapid alloimmunization, short cell survival, and declining efficacy after repeated exposures. No curative or disease-modifying effect. |
Disclaimer: This comparison is created with the help of artificial intelligence(AI) and may contain errors or missing information. It is not medical advice and does not mean one option is better or safer than another. Clinical trials are still being studied, and joining a trial is your choice. Please consult your healthcare professional before making any decisions.
You may qualify if you...
You will not qualify if you...
Duration - 2 to 4 weeks
Participants are screened for eligibility through medical history, physical exam, blood and urine tests, and throat swab.
1 visit (in-person)
Duration - At least 7 days
Participants are admitted to the hospital for at least 7 days for white blood cell collection, mRNA correction, and infusion of corrected cells, followed by monitoring.
Continuous hospital stay with daily monitoring
Duration - 3 months
Participants keep a symptom diary, have weekly contact for one month, then monthly contact, with a follow-up visit three months after infusion.
Weekly then monthly remote contacts and 1 in-person follow-up visit
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Masking
NONE
Allocation
NA
Model
SEQUENTIAL
Primary Purpose
TREATMENT
Number of Arms
3
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21175646/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Lead Sponsor