New Lung Function Tests Using 129Xe-MRI and LCI to Diagnose Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome in Children After Stem Cell Transplant

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are evaluating new ways to diagnose Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome BOS in children who have undergone Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation HSCT. This study focuses on using a special type of MRI with xenon gas 129Xe-MRI and lung clearance index LCI tests to better detect BOS. Participants include children aged 6 to 18 years who have received HSCT and are eligible based on lung function and other criteria. Participants are divided into two groups those who meet the screening criteria for BOS according to NIH standards and those who may have abnormal lung tests but do not fully meet BOS criteria. During the study, children will undergo vital sign monitoring, breathing tests, and a specialized MRI that requires breath holds while inhaling xenon gas, guided by research staff. The study will assess MRI results and lung function over 24 months. Throughout the study, participants will be asked to complete breathing tests and MRIs, with vital signs collected during visits. The MRI involves breath holds lasting up to 16 seconds. Researchers will monitor lung function and imaging results to understand how well these tools diagnose BOS. The study aims to better correlate imaging findings with lung function in children after HSCT, with follow-up lasting up to two years.

Novel Pulmonary Function Measures for Diagnosis of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome Following Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation in Children