Comparing Opioid-Free Versus Opioid-Based Anesthesia in Adults Undergoing Elective Lumbar Spine Surgery A Prospective Study on Pain Control and Side Effects After Surgery

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are evaluating the effects of opioid-free multimodal anesthesia compared with opioid-containing anesthesia in adults undergoing lumbar spinal surgery, including conditions like lumbar spinal stenosis and disc herniation. This observational study aims to compare postoperative pain control and opioid use within the first 48 hours after surgery, as well as opioid-related side effects and postoperative complications classified by the Clavien-Dindo system. Participants receive one of three anesthesia approaches based on the attending anesthesiologists choice opioid-free anesthesia using multimodal agents and possibly an erector spinae plane ESP block ESP block combined with intraoperative opioids or opioid-based anesthesia without regional blocks. All patients receive standard postoperative pain management including intravenous morphine patient-controlled analgesia, acetaminophen, and NSAIDs. The study also includes intraoperative monitoring with devices measuring analgesia depth and anesthesia. During the study, data will be collected on demographics, intraoperative medications and parameters, and surgery duration. Postoperative assessments include pain scores at multiple time points, total opioid use, time to first pain medication request, patient satisfaction, complications, bowel function, mobilization time, vital signs, and length of hospital stay. Safety and recovery quality are evaluated up to 30 days after surgery, with continuous monitoring of anesthesia depth and autonomic responses during surgery.

Opioid Free and Opioid Based Anesthesia in Elective Lumbar Spine Surgery