Observational Study Using PETMR to Differentiate Types of Kidney Tumors in Adults with Solid Renal Masses

What this Trial Is About

The frequency of kidney tumors found incidentally during imaging for unrelated reasons is increasing, leading to more surgeries and ablations for renal masses thought to be cancerous. However, about 20% of these masses are benign and do not need treatment. Many cancerous kidney tumors are slow-growing and can be safely monitored with imaging, especially those smaller than 2 cm or in patients with limited life expectancy. This observational study aims to assess whether Fludeoxyglucose 18F PETMR scans can better distinguish aggressive kidney tumors from indolent and benign masses compared to current imaging methods. Participants scheduled for a contrast-enhanced MRI of a suspicious kidney mass will have that MRI performed on a hybrid PETMR scanner capable of both MRI and PET imaging. While receiving their standard MRI, they will also undergo a research FDG PET scan. An intravenous line will be placed to administer MRI contrast, the FDG radiopharmaceutical, and furosemide, a diuretic to help empty the bladder for clearer kidney images. The PETMRI visit lasts about 2.5 hours and replaces the standard MRI exam. If participants have surgery or biopsy to remove the tumor, tissue samples may be collected for research. After the PETMRI scan, participants will have no further study visits but may be contacted every 6 to 12 months for up to 2 years to check on their health. The research team will also review medical records for changes in diagnosis, new imaging or lab results, and medical history updates. The study measures how well PETMR predicts tumor aggressiveness and compares this to metabolic scores and histologic analysis from tissue samples when available.

PET/MR for Characterization of Renal Masses (RMs)