What this Trial Is About

Influenza remains a major global health threat, causing over 650,000 deaths annually without significant advances in patient care despite decades of research. Severe influenza can lead to acute lung injury due to a disrupted immune response, where neutrophils play a role in both fighting infection and disease tolerance. This study focuses on a specific subgroup of neutrophils that express CXCR4, which may be linked to worsening lung infections. Researchers aim to compare the levels of these CXCR4-expressing neutrophils in the blood and lung fluid of influenza patients who survive versus those who do not. Participants will undergo blood sampling and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) within 24 hours and again on day 3 after ICU admission to collect neutrophils. These cells will be isolated and analyzed through immunostaining and flow cytometry to measure the percentage of CXCR4-expressing neutrophils. Additionally, extra blood tubes and lung fluid samples will be collected during treatment for detailed study. The mortality rates of participants will be assessed at 28 and 90 days after inclusion. During the study, participants will be closely monitored with blood and lung fluid tests to evaluate immune cell behavior. Researchers will collect clinical data and mortality outcomes to understand the relationship between CXCR4-expressing neutrophils and disease severity. The study's findings aim to shed light on immune mechanisms in influenza-related acute respiratory distress syndrome and may help guide future therapies. Participant involvement will last at least 90 days, covering initial ICU admission through follow-up assessments.

The Role of Cxcr4Hi neutrOPhils in InflueNza