Comparing One Dose Versus Three Doses of Intravenous Antibiotics Followed by Oral Treatment for Children With Complicated Urinary Tract Infections

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are studying children aged 3 months to 18 years with complicated urinary tract infections UTIs to compare two antibiotic treatment approaches. The study focuses on whether a single dose of intravenous IV antibiotics followed by two days of oral antibiotics is as effective as three doses of IV antibiotics in resolving infection symptoms within 72 hours. This trial aims to improve care for children with UTIs complicated by factors like vomiting, dehydration, or urological issues, where current guidelines lack clear evidence-based recommendations. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. One group will receive a single IV dose of antibiotics covering Gram-negative bacteria and possibly Enterococcus species, followed by two days of oral antibiotics. The other group will receive three daily IV doses covering the same bacteria. All children will complete a total of seven days of antibiotic treatment. Oral antibiotics will begin as soon as the child can tolerate them, within 12 hours after the last IV dose. Throughout the study, participants symptoms such as fever, vomiting, and rigors will be monitored. Parents will keep daily records using provided thermometers and diaries. Researchers will conduct assessments at 72 hours, 14 days, and one month after the first IV dose via phone or telehealth, collecting data on symptom resolution, hospital readmissions, antibiotic usage, quality of life, urine cultures, imaging results, and any complications or adverse events. The study will help determine whether shorter IV antibiotic courses are appropriate for complicated UTIs in children.

Single Dose Intravenous Antibiotics for Complicated Urinary Tract Infections in Children