Using Speckle Tracking Echocardiography to Detect Early Signs of Poor Fetal Growth in Twin and Singleton Pregnancies

What this Trial Is About

This research aims to evaluate speckle tracking echocardiography STE as a tool for early diagnosis of impaired fetal growth in twin pregnancies. Fetal growth restriction FGR occurs more frequently in twin pregnancies compared to singletons and is linked to higher risks of perinatal complications and long-term health issues. The study also investigates the relationship between fetal exposure to air pollution, placental function, and in utero cardiac remodeling. Participants will be observed at two key stages of pregnancy, around 21 and 30 weeks of gestation, where fetal growth parameters and cardiac strain are measured using STE. Maternal blood samples are collected at 21 weeks to assess exposure to air pollution and biochemical markers related to placental dysfunction. Doppler ultrasounds will identify placental insufficiency. At birth, umbilical cord blood and placental tissue are collected for further analysis of pollution exposure and oxidative stress. Neonatal cardiac strain and blood pressure are evaluated 1 to 3 days after birth to assess postnatal cardiac remodeling and cardiovascular risk. Throughout the study, researchers gather detailed data including fetal heart measurements, maternal blood markers, placental examination, and neonatal cardiovascular assessments. The primary outcomes focus on changes in cardiac strain and fetal growth differences, while secondary outcomes explore the links between placental function, air pollution exposure, and cardiac remodeling. The total participant involvement spans from mid-pregnancy through the early neonatal period, with multiple assessments to understand fetal and neonatal cardiovascular health.

Speckle Tracking Echocardiography as a Tool for Early Diagnosis of Impaired Fetal Growth Twin Pregnancies