Inclusion Criteria include, but are not limited to:

• Has a histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (Stage IV: M1a, M1b, M1c1, M1c2, AJCC Staging Manual, Version 9). NOTE: Mixed tumors will be characterized by the predominant cell type; however, small cell elements are not permitted.
• Has measurable disease per Response Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) as assessed by the local site investigator/radiology
• Has provided a tissue sample that is collected either at the time of or after the diagnosis of metastatic disease AND is from a site not previously irradiated
• Adverse events (AEs) due to previous anticancer therapies must have recovered to ≤Grade 1. Participants with endocrine-related AEs who are adequately treated with hormone replacement or participants who have ≤Grade 2 neuropathy are eligible
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected participants must have well controlled HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART)
• Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive participants are eligible if they have received hepatitis B virus (HBV) antiviral therapy for at least 4 weeks, and have undetectable HBV viral load prior to randomization
• Participants with history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are eligible if HCV viral load is undetectable. NOTE: Participants must have completed curative antiviral therapy at least 4 weeks prior to randomization
• Has an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 1 assessed within 7 days before randomization
• Has a life expectancy of at least 3 months
• Has adequate organ function

Exclusion Criteria include, but are not limited to:

• Is HIV-infected with a history of Kaposi's sarcoma and/or Multicentric Castleman's Disease
• Has received prior treatment with a cancer vaccine, including another personalized cancer vaccine (PCV)
• Has received prior systemic anticancer therapy for their metastatic NSCLC
• Has received prior therapy with an anti-programmed cell death 1 protein (anti-PD-1), anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1), or anti-programmed cell death ligand 2 (anti-PD-L2) agent, or with an agent directed to another stimulatory or coinhibitory T-cell receptor. NOTE: Prior treatment with an anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, or anti-PD-L2 agent in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting for nonmetastatic NSCLC is allowed as long as therapy was completed at least 12 months before diagnosis of metastatic NSCLC
• Has received prior radiotherapy within 2 weeks of start of study intervention, or has radiation-related toxicities, requiring corticosteroids
• Has received radiation therapy to the lung that is >30 gray within 6 months of start of study intervention
• Has received a live or live-attenuated vaccine within 30 days before the first dose of study intervention. Administration of killed vaccines is allowed
• Has received an investigational agent or has used an investigational device within 4 weeks prior to study intervention administration
• Has a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving chronic systemic steroid therapy (in dosing exceeding 10 mg daily of prednisone equivalent) or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of study intervention
• Has known additional malignancy that is progressing or has required active treatment within the past 3 years
• Has known active central nervous system (CNS) metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis
• Has severe hypersensitivity (≥Grade 3) to V940, pembrolizumab, or any of the protocol allowed chemotherapy agents and/or any of their excipients
• Has active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in the past 2 years
• Has a history of (noninfectious) pneumonitis/interstitial lung disease that required steroids or has current pneumonitis/interstitial lung disease
• Has active infection requiring systemic therapy
• Has a history of stem cell/solid organ transplant
• Has not adequately recovered from major surgery or has ongoing surgical complications