Immunotherapy-induced Colitis: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, Diagnostic Workup, and Management Plan.
Haleh Vaziri, Alla Turshudzhyan, Eric Vecchio
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35470301/Actively Recruiting
Led by National Cancer Institute (NCI) · Updated on 2026-07-31
300
Participants Needed
52
Research Sites
N/A
Total Duration
Researchers are evaluating the side effects and effectiveness of nivolumab alone and in combination with other treatments for patients who have autoimmune disorders alongside advanced, metastatic, or unresectable cancers. This phase Ib trial focuses on various autoimmune diseases such as dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, inflammatory bowel diseases, multiple sclerosis, Sjogrens syndrome, psoriasis, and psoriatic arthritis, aiming to understand how immunotherapy can help the immune system attack cancer cells. Participants are assigned to one of eleven treatment groups, receiving intravenous nivolumab alone or combined with ipilimumab, cabozantinib, platinum-containing chemotherapy, or fluoropyrimidine. Treatment schedules vary by group, with nivolumab administered every 2 to 4 weeks for up to two years in some cases, or shorter durations depending on the treatment setting metastatic, adjuvant, or neoadjuvant. Combination therapies have specified dosing intervals and cycles. Throughout the trial, patients provide blood, cerebrospinal fluid, tissue, stool, and urine samples for analysis. During the study, participants undergo regular evaluations including scans, blood tests, and disease assessments to monitor safety, toxicity, tumor response, and autoimmune disease severity. After completing treatment, patients without disease progression are followed for 100 days, while those with progression are monitored every 12 weeks for up to five years. The primary outcomes include measuring adverse events, changes in disease status, overall response rates, and biological markers related to treatment effects.
CONDITIONS
Testing an Immunotherapy Anti-cancer Drug, Nivolumab, for Advanced Cancers in Patients With Autoimmune Disorders, AIM-NIVO
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National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Lead Sponsor
This table compares participation in this trial with other options available for this condition. The information is drawn from published research and the trial’s study details and is provided for educational purposes only.
| Factors | Nivolumab alone | Nivolumab + Ipilimumab | Nivolumab + chemotherapy or cabozantinib |
|---|---|---|---|
| What it is | Monotherapy with the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab | Combination of nivolumab with the CTLA‑4 blocker ipilimumab | Nivolumab combined with either chemotherapy agents (platinum doublet or fluoropyrimidine) or the targeted agent cabozantinib |
| Role in trial | One of several experimental monotherapy arms | An experimental combination immunotherapy arm | Experimental combination arms pairing nivolumab with chemotherapy or cabozantinib |
| Primary use | To test nivolumab monotherapy safety and tolerability in patients with autoimmune disease and advanced cancer | To evaluate safety and tolerability of dual‑checkpoint blockade in this population | To assess safety and tolerability of nivolumab in combination with chemotherapy or cabozantinib |
| How it is administered | Nivolumab administered intravenously as a stand‑alone agent | Sequential or concurrent intravenous infusions of nivolumab and ipilimumab | Intravenous nivolumab combined with chemotherapy infusions or oral cabozantinib or fluoropyrimidine as per trial arms |
| Evidence status | Preliminary safety data being gathered for nivolumab monotherapy in this population; efficacy not yet established | Early safety and response data pending for the nivolumab‑ipilimumab combination in patients with autoimmune disease | Safety and response outcomes under investigation for nivolumab combinations with chemo or cabozantinib |
| Important risks | Potential for immune‑related adverse events such as colitis, hepatitis, pneumonitis or autoimmune flare | Heightened risk of combined immune‑related toxicity, including colitis and endocrinopathies | Possible additive toxicities from immunotherapy plus chemotherapy or targeted agents |
| Important limitations | Results may not generalize due to heterogeneity of cancer types and underlying autoimmune conditions | Safety profile may be variable across disease cohorts, limiting interpretability | Complex combinations and small cohort sizes may limit conclusions on efficacy and tolerability |
Disclaimer: This comparison is created with the help of artificial intelligence(AI) and may contain errors or missing information. It is not medical advice and does not mean one option is better or safer than another. Clinical trials are still being studied, and joining a trial is your choice. Please consult your healthcare professional before making any decisions.
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Duration - 2 to 4 weeks
Participants are screened for eligibility to participate in the trial.
1 screening visit
Duration - Up to 2 years depending on treatment arm and cancer type
Participants receive nivolumab alone or with other FDA-approved treatments like ipilimumab, cabozantinib, or chemotherapy according to their assigned group. Treatment schedules vary by cancer type and combination.
Regular intravenous infusions every 2 to 4 weeks and additional treatments as scheduled
Duration - Up to 5 years
After completing treatment, participants without disease progression are followed for 100 days, while those with progression are monitored every 12 weeks for up to five years to assess safety and treatment response.
Follow-up visits every 12 weeks for participants with disease progression
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Masking
NONE
Allocation
NA
Model
PARALLEL
Primary Purpose
TREATMENT
Number of Arms
11
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Haleh Vaziri, Alla Turshudzhyan, Eric Vecchio
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35470301/National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Lead Sponsor