Study of Nasal Immune Responses to Respiratory Viruses in Adults with and without Immune System Conditions

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are studying nasal mucosal immunity to respiratory viruses like SARS-CoV-2 in both immunocompromised adults and healthy volunteers aged 18 to 90. The study aims to understand how immune cell makeup and virus-specific responses differ between those with weakened immune systems due to medical conditions or treatments and those without such issues. This observational study compares these two groups to learn how immunodeficiency and related therapies affect immune responses. Participants are divided into two groups immunocompromised patients with conditions like organ or stem cell transplants, ongoing immunosuppressive therapies, or genetic immunosuppression, and healthy volunteers with no underlying medical conditions or history of immune problems. There are no interventional treatments instead, researchers collect data during routine clinical visits over approximately six months. During the study, participants undergo assessments at four periodic intervals roughly 45 days apart, starting from enrollment. These include measuring cytokines produced by nasal and blood T cells specific to viruses, as well as characterizing immune cells at enrollment. The study tracks immune responses over time to better understand how immunity persists or changes. Participants safety and informed consent are ensured throughout the observation period, which lasts about six months from the first visit.

Analysis of the Specificity and Persistence of Nasal Immune Responses to Respiratory Viral Antigens in Immunocompromised and Healthy Cohorts