Acute and Chronic Dental Pain

Researchers are evaluating the effects of two types of free gingival graft surgeries—conventional free gingival graft (FGG) and modified free gingival graft (ModFGG)—on soft tissue thickness, volume, and creeping attachment in the lower front teeth. This trial involves 34 healthy, non-smoking adults with localized Cairo Class II gingival recession. The goal is to understand how the modified technique may improve soft tissue stability and volume compared to the conventional method, using advanced three-dimensional digital analysis. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either the conventional FGG procedure or the modified ModFGG procedure. The ModFGG involves creating a connective tissue flap from the recession area to cover the exposed root before placing a graft from the palate, aiming to enhance blood supply and healing. The conventional FGG involves placing a graft from the palate directly onto the prepared site without this flap. Both procedures will be followed by digital and clinical assessments at baseline, and at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. During the study, participants will undergo clinical measurements including gingival recession depth, keratinized tissue width, and probing depth, alongside three-dimensional digital scans with an intraoral scanner to evaluate soft tissue thickness and volume changes. These evaluations at multiple time points will help assess tissue stability and healing progress. The study will last at least six months post-surgery, providing detailed information on soft tissue outcomes and healing after these grafting procedures.

Researchers are studying the outcomes of two different revascularization treatments for children aged 7 to 13 with necrotic immature permanent maxillary incisors that show no symptoms. The trial aims to compare the clinical and radiographic results over 24 months following either a single-visit or multiple-visit protocol. This trial is a randomized clinical study led by Minia University to determine how these approaches affect healing and tooth health. Participants will receive either a single-visit revascularization procedure or a multiple-visit revascularization procedure. Each treatment protocol is designed to restore the affected tooth without surgery by encouraging natural healing. The study will observe and compare these two methods over a 24-month period to evaluate their effectiveness and outcomes. During the study, participants will be monitored for any pain experienced after treatment, with assessments continuing from enrollment through the full 24 months. Clinical and radiographic examinations will be carried out to evaluate healing progress and tooth condition. The trial includes regular follow-ups to track changes and ensure patient safety throughout the study duration.

Researchers are evaluating non-surgical treatment options for patients with stage III or IV periodontitis who have specific Class II buccal and/or lingual furcation defects in their mandibular and maxillary molars. This prospective, randomized, single-blinded clinical trial uses a split-mouth design to compare treatments and is conducted at Riga Stradins University Institute of Stomatology in Latvia. Patients receive detailed oral hygiene instructions before treatment begins to ensure proper care. The study compares two treatments: the test side receives an oscillating chitosan brush combined with enamel matrix derivatives, while the control side receives the oscillating chitosan brush alone. Treatment is applied to furcation defects at baseline. The trial includes a 12-week re-evaluation period after baseline treatment. Biofilm and gingival crevicular fluid samples are collected at baseline and again at 4 weeks to monitor biological changes. Participants undergo clinical assessments including bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and furcation involvement measurements at baseline and 12 weeks. Proteomic and microbiological analyses of gingival fluid and plaque samples are performed at baseline and 4 weeks. Patient comfort is measured using a visual analog scale at baseline. The trial involves follow-up visits to monitor periodontal status and treatment effects over 12 weeks.

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) causes sharp, short pain from exposed dentin triggered by chemicals, temperature, or touch. It commonly affects older adults and varies widely in prevalence. This research evaluates the effectiveness of Casein phosphopeptide paste (CPP-ACP) alone or combined with a diode laser called Lasotronix in treating DH, as limited studies have explored this combination. The study involves four groups: one receiving CPP-ACP paste application only, one receiving diode laser therapy only, a third receiving both CPP-ACP and laser treatments, and a control group with no treatment. Lasotronix uses a 635nm wavelength laser designed for safe and effective bio-stimulation and photo-disinfection, while CPP-ACP paste aims to reduce pain by managing dentin sensitivity. Participants aged 25 to 65 with at least one sensitive, vital tooth without decay or defective restoration will be involved. They will undergo treatment and follow-up to assess dentin hypersensitivity over three months. Researchers will monitor pain levels and treatment effects, ensuring safety and adherence to the study protocol throughout the trial period.

Researchers are studying ARC-001, an investigational gel containing an anesthetic, to evaluate its safety and how much of it is absorbed into the blood after wisdom tooth extraction. This early phase 1 trial compares ARC-001 to a placebo gel that does not contain any active ingredients. The main goals are to assess safety, tolerability, and the gel's behavior in the body over 28 days. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either 0.75 mL of ARC-001 gel or 0.75 mL of placebo gel applied once directly to the site of the wisdom tooth surgery. The trial is blinded and placebo-controlled, meaning neither participants nor researchers will know which gel is used during treatment. This helps ensure unbiased results regarding the gel's effects. During the 28-day study, participants will be monitored for any side effects and the amount of ARC-001 absorbed into the bloodstream. Safety and tolerability will be carefully observed through regular assessments and laboratory tests. Participation involves undergoing wisdom tooth extraction followed by application of the gel and attending follow-up visits for evaluation and monitoring throughout the study period.

This research aims to evaluate whether Trinase, an enzyme-based anti-inflammatory medication containing trypsin, bromelain, and rutin, can reduce pain after root canal treatment in male patients diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. The study focuses on 182 healthy male adults aged 18 to 50 years who experience moderate to severe tooth pain. It is designed as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to assess post-operative pain relief and analgesic use following treatment. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either a single oral Trinase tablet or a matching placebo 30 minutes before undergoing a standard single-visit root canal treatment. The procedure involves local anesthesia, rubber dam isolation, mechanical canal cleaning with rotary instruments, irrigation, and canal obturation using a modified technique. All treatments are performed by the same experienced operator to ensure consistency. Both groups follow the same clinical protocol, with only the premedication differing. Patients will record pain intensity on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at baseline and then at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after root canal treatment. They will also document the number of pain-relief tablets taken during this 48-hour period. The study will analyze differences in pain scores and analgesic consumption between the Trinase and placebo groups. The total active participation duration for each participant is about 48 hours post-treatment, with no additional invasive procedures beyond standard care.

This research aims to study changes in Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life (OHrQoL) in people who have recently started experiencing dentin hypersensitivity (DH). The study focuses on how this sensitivity affects daily life using a questionnaire called the Dentin Hypersensitivity Experience Questionnaire (DHEQ) over a year. It will also observe treatment choices and patterns among those affected. Participants will be followed for 12 months during which they will complete monthly online questionnaires. The study will include 375 adults who have begun to experience DH and have started treatment within the past three months. There are no treatments or interventions administered by the study; instead, it observes participants' real-world experiences and treatment use. During the study, participants will report on their sensitivity, treatment use, and oral hygiene habits such as brushing frequency. Researchers will measure changes in the DHEQ score from the start through 12 months to understand quality of life impacts. Additional data will include treatment selection, discontinuation, and frequency of sensitivity and brushing. Participants must complete all activities online and remain in the study for the full year to provide ongoing information.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness, safety, and performance of a new dental obturation material called Endofill in patients undergoing root canal treatment. This prospective, single-arm, non-randomized trial aims to measure how well Endofill seals root canals and supports healing of apical periodontitis over a 12-month follow-up. The study will also assess the device's safety and performance through radiographic evaluation and monitoring of symptoms such as pain or swelling. Participants will receive root canal treatment using the Endofill device after standard preparation steps, including access cavity preparation, cleaning, shaping, and disinfecting the root canal. The obturation with Endofill is evaluated immediately afterward via periapical radiographs to assess seal completeness. Follow-up visits at 3, 6, and 12 months will monitor healing progress, safety, and the need for any retreatment. The study includes a safety check after three months on the first 10 subjects to ensure device performance. During the study, participants will undergo regular assessments including periapical radiographs to measure lesion size, clinical evaluations for symptoms, and pain assessments up to one month after treatment. Data on procedural duration and patient-reported device usability will also be collected. The total participation time is around one year, with planned enrollment lasting 6 to 9 months and study completion expected within 2 to 2.5 years.

Researchers are evaluating whether adding erythritol powder during non-surgical periodontal treatment (deep cleaning) can improve gum health in people with advanced periodontitis (stage 3 or 4). The study focuses on individuals with deep gum pockets of 4 mm or more and aims to see if erythritol helps with healing, bleeding, plaque levels, and gum attachment compared to standard treatment alone. The trial is randomized and led by the University of L'Aquila. Participants receive either standard non-surgical periodontal therapy, which involves scaling and root planing with ultrasonic and manual instruments, or the same treatment combined with sub-gingival air polishing using erythritol powder. Each participant undergoes a single treatment session targeting periodontal pockets of at least 4 mm in depth on non-adjacent teeth. During the study, researchers measure the proportion of gum pockets that successfully close at 2 and 4 months after treatment. They also track bleeding, plaque levels, and gum attachment to assess periodontal health. Factors such as age, sex, smoking status, and diabetes are monitored to understand how they may affect treatment response. Participation involves clinical evaluations and periodontal assessments over the study period ending in late 2025.

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgery for severe osteoarthritis when other treatments do not work. However, many patients experience significant pain after surgery, which can slow recovery and increase opioid use. Researchers are studying different doses of liposomal bupivacaine in the adductor canal block, a pain relief technique, to see how it affects pain and opioid use after robotic-assisted TKA. This is a randomized controlled trial sponsored by The University of Hong Kong. Participants will receive one of three treatments during surgery: an adductor canal block with standard bupivacaine, a combination of liposomal and standard bupivacaine, or liposomal bupivacaine alone in different doses. The study will compare the effects of these doses on pain relief and opioid consumption. The trial uses a triple-blind method and includes detailed monitoring of drug levels, pain scores, and recovery measures. During the study, participants will have their pain levels measured frequently for up to 7 days after surgery, along with assessments of knee function, opioid side effects, and quality of recovery. Blood samples will be taken to check bupivacaine levels. Long-term outcomes such as chronic pain, knee function, and quality of life will be evaluated at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months post-surgery. The primary outcome is the overall pain score at rest during the first 48 hours after surgery.