Colon Polyp

Researchers are evaluating the usefulness of 18F-FAPI-04 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) in diagnosing primary and metastatic cancer lesions. The study focuses on detecting cancer recurrence and assessing pathological response in patients with various types of malignant tumors. This preliminary study uses histopathology and follow-up results as the gold standard to measure diagnostic performance. Participants receive an injection of the imaging agent 18F-FAPI-04 before undergoing PET/CT or PET/MR scans. These scans are used to quantify tumor uptake by measuring the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) and tumor-to-background ratio (TBR). The study compares the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the two imaging methods. During the study, patients with suspected or diagnosed malignant tumors undergo imaging assessments. Researchers collect imaging data and follow up with participants to confirm findings. The main outcome measured is the diagnostic performance of these imaging techniques over one year. Participants must provide informed consent, and safety monitoring is part of the study process. The age range for participants is 18 to 90 years old.

Colorectal cancer is a common and serious digestive tract disease that often develops from precursor adenomatous polyps. Detecting and removing these polyps can lower the risk of colorectal cancer, but recurrence remains a concern. This research investigates whether the drug Berberine Hydrochloride has a long-term effect in preventing the return of colorectal adenomas after their removal. The study follows patients for six years to observe the recurrence rates over different time periods. Participants in this study previously took part in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial where they received Berberine or a placebo for two years. This follow-up study looks back at those patients to compare the rate of adenoma recurrence up to six years after they stopped taking the medicine. The two groups being compared are those who were given Berberine and those who received a placebo, both after the endoscopic removal of colorectal adenomas. During the study, researchers will track the recurrence of traditional colorectal adenomas over the entire six-year follow-up period and in shorter intervals (within the first year, 1 to 3 years, and 3 to 6 years). The main outcome measured is the rate of adenoma recurrence. This long-term data will help evaluate the lasting impact of Berberine in preventing colorectal adenomas from returning and potentially leading to cancer.

This research investigates a new PET imaging tracer called 68Ga-FAPI-LM3, which targets dual receptors SSTR2 and FAP. The study evaluates its safety, how it spreads in the body, and radiation dosage in healthy volunteers. It also explores how well 68Ga-FAPI-LM3 PET/CT detects lesions in patients with diseases that express SSTR2, comparing its performance to the standard 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Participants receive intravenous injections of both 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI-LM3, followed by PET/CT scans within specified timeframes. Some participants may also undergo additional imaging with 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT for comparison purposes. Lesion uptake is measured by maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax), and the number of positive lesions detected by each imaging method is recorded and compared. Throughout the study, participants will have both imaging tests to assess disease presence and characteristics. Researchers will analyze diagnostic accuracy by comparing the two PET/CT methods. The main outcome measured is diagnostic efficacy over 30 days. Safety and radiation exposure are monitored in healthy volunteers to understand the tracer's behavior and potential clinical use.

Researchers are evaluating a new imaging agent called 68Ga-PSFA, which targets two receptors (PSMA and FAP) and shows promise for detecting diseases positive for these markers. This early phase 1 study aims to investigate the safety, how the agent spreads in the body, and its potential usefulness for diagnosing lesions in patients with PSMA or FAP positive diseases. Each participant receives a single intravenous injection of 68Ga-PSFA. This PET (positron emission tomography) imaging agent is designed to improve diagnosis in patients with suspected or confirmed PSMA/FAP positive malignant diseases. No other treatments or interventions are described, focusing solely on this imaging procedure. Participants are monitored for diagnostic effectiveness within 15 days after the injection. Safety and biodistribution assessments are part of the study. The study involves patients who have had supporting evidence of PSMA or FAP positive disease from MRI, CT, or pathology reports. Total participation time and additional follow-up details are not specified.

Researchers are evaluating and comparing the effects of remimazolam besylate combined with sufentanyl versus propofol combined with sufentanyl for sedation during colonoscopic polypectomy procedures. This phase 4, prospective, randomized, controlled study aims to observe circulatory and respiratory stability, as well as the incidence of hypotension and respiratory depression, in patients undergoing sedation with these two drug combinations. The study also seeks to compare sedation success, time to adequate sedation, time to full consciousness, and recovery time between the two groups. Ninety patients scheduled for colonoscopic polypectomies will be randomly divided into two groups: 45 patients will receive remimazolam besylate with sufentanyl, and 45 will receive propofol with sufentanyl. In the remimazolam group, patients will be given sufentanyl intravenously, followed by a dose of remimazolam besylate and maintenance doses titrated to achieve the desired sedation level. In the propofol group, patients will receive sufentanyl followed by titrated propofol doses and a continuous intravenous infusion for maintenance. Both groups will receive oxygen via nasal catheter, and sedation depth will be monitored using BIS and the Modified Observers Assessment of Alertness and Sedation Scale (MOAA/S). Participants will have venous lines placed and will be continuously monitored for vital signs including oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure, and rhythm before, during, and after the procedure. Measurements will be taken at specific time points up to two hours after the procedure to assess stability and incidence of complications. Researchers will also record sedation success, time to achieve sedation and full consciousness, and overall recovery time. The total observation time per participant is approximately 2 to 4 hours, with safety and efficacy outcomes assessed throughout this period.

Colorectal cancer is a common and deadly cancer worldwide. Adenomatous polyps in the colon can develop into colorectal cancer, so screening and removing these polyps can help prevent the disease and related deaths. For polyps sized 5 to 19 mm, hot snare polypectomy (HSP) using electrocautery is commonly used but can cause side effects like bleeding and tissue damage. Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) has become more popular because it avoids electrocautery, making it easier and reducing adverse effects. However, there is limited and inconsistent evidence about how well CSP removes polyps sized 10 to 15 mm compared to HSP. This trial compares the complete removal rates of colorectal polyps sized 10 to 15 mm using CSP without electrocautery and HSP with electrocautery. Participants will receive one of the two procedures during colonoscopy to remove adenomatous polyps. The study aims to determine which method better achieves complete polyp removal while considering safety and technical aspects. During the study, participants will undergo colonoscopy with polyp removal by either CSP or HSP. Researchers will evaluate the rate of complete polyp resection six months after the procedure. The study involves monitoring for adverse effects and assessing the quality of polyp removal. Participants will be followed closely to measure the success of the treatment and any related complications.

Researchers are investigating the effects of a new oral synbiotic formula called SMT04 on reducing the recurrence of advanced adenomas and bacterial gene markers related to colorectal neoplasia after endoscopic removal of advanced colorectal neoplasia. This study builds on evidence linking changes in gut bacteria to colorectal cancer progression and aims to explore whether this synbiotic, combining probiotics and prebiotics, can provide longer-term benefits in preventing cancer recurrence. The trial compares the SMT04 synbiotic formula, which contains beneficial probiotic strains and heat-resistant prebiotics, against an active placebo containing vitamin C and inert substances with indistinguishable taste and appearance. Participants receive their assigned treatment following the complete removal of colorectal advanced neoplasia confirmed by histopathology. The study uses a double-blinded, randomized controlled design across multiple centers to assess outcomes over time. Participants will undergo regular assessments to monitor the return of advanced colorectal neoplasia and changes in bacterial gene markers associated with colorectal cancer risk over a one-year period. These evaluations include colonoscopies, stool tests for microbial markers, and adherence tracking. The main outcome measured is the incidence of recurrent advanced colorectal neoplasia at one year. Safety monitoring and follow-up are also part of the study to ensure participant well-being throughout the trial.

Researchers are evaluating the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and effectiveness of HS-20110 combination therapies in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. This multicenter, open-label clinical trial includes both Phase Ib and Phase II stages. The Phase Ib part uses a "Rolling 6" design for dose escalation to determine the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D). After establishing RP2D, the Phase II study further assesses the efficacy and safety of these combination therapies in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The study involves three treatment groups receiving HS-20110 combined with other cancer drugs. Cohort 1 receives HS-20110 plus Bevacizumab and 5-FU/leucovorin every two weeks. Cohort 2 receives HS-20110 plus Bevacizumab, Oxaliplatin, and 5-FU/leucovorin every two weeks. Cohort 3 receives HS-20110 plus Bevacizumab, Oxaliplatin, and Capecitabine every three weeks. All medications are given by intravenous infusion in these dosing cycles. Participants will be monitored from the first dose until one month after the last dose in Phase 1b for maximum tolerated dose and recommended dose measures. In Phase 2, the objective response rate will be assessed up to three months after the last patient is enrolled. Researchers will perform safety and tolerability checks, pharmacokinetic studies, and tumor response evaluations using RECIST criteria. The total duration of participant involvement varies by phase and dosing schedules, with close monitoring for adverse effects and treatment response.

Researchers are evaluating if testing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the blood before surgery can help predict the risk of cancer returning in patients with colorectal or appendiceal adenocarcinoma. The study aims to see if this testing can guide the choice of less or more intense chemotherapy before surgery. The study focuses on patients with metastatic peritoneal disease undergoing cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with or without heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Participants will receive ctDNA-directed neoadjuvant therapy given intravenously. The study compares outcomes between patients who test ctDNA-negative and ctDNA-positive before surgery. Researchers will follow patients for recurrence-free survival and overall survival at 1 and 2 years after CRS and HIPEC. Additional measures include response duration, chemotherapy changes based on ctDNA results, disease recurrence patterns, and correlations between ctDNA results, tumor biology, and imaging. During the study, patients will be monitored for adverse events using standard criteria over about one year. Researchers will collect blood samples for ctDNA testing, perform imaging to assess tumors, and evaluate patient molecular and biological markers. Participants will be tracked for cancer recurrence and survival outcomes, with safety and treatment effects observed throughout the study period.

Colorectal polyps larger than 10 mm carry a higher risk of advanced tissue changes and colorectal cancer. Accurate measurement of polyp size at this threshold is important for deciding surveillance intervals and treatment methods. Current visual size estimations by doctors are often inaccurate, which can lead to either delayed diagnosis or unnecessary procedures. This study evaluates a new artificial intelligence device called EndoAIM, which measures polyp size automatically during real-time colonoscopy. Unlike previous systems tested only on videos, EndoAIM is used live during the withdrawal phase of the colonoscopy to improve accuracy in estimating polyp diameter. Participants will undergo colonoscopy while EndoAIM measures polyp sizes. Researchers will compare the accuracy of EndoAIM’s measurements at the 10 mm size threshold during the procedure. The primary outcome is the difference in the percentage accuracy of size discrimination. The study includes adults aged 18 and older who have had colonoscopy for screening, surveillance, or symptoms, and follows strict safety monitoring for exclusions.