Diarrhea

Researchers are evaluating how abdominal massage affects gastrointestinal functions in patients who are mechanically ventilated and receiving enteral nutrition in intensive care units. This study aims to assess abdominal massages impact on bowel movement frequency, gastric residual volume, and abdominal distension. The trial is designed as a prospective, single-blind randomized controlled trial to provide scientific evidence for abdominal massage use in this patient group. Participants are randomly assigned to either an intervention group receiving abdominal massage or a control group receiving standard care without massage. Abdominal massage is performed twice daily for 15 minutes over three days using specific techniques like effleurage, petrissage, and vibration. The massage is given at the bedside in a semi-Fowler position before enteral feeding, with routine nursing care provided to all patients. Throughout the study, researchers monitor bowel movements, gastric residual volume, abdominal distension, and stool consistency using specialized forms and scales twice daily. Data collection includes clinical assessments such as Glasgow Coma Scale and APACHE II scoring. The study lasts three days for each patient, with detailed recording of gastrointestinal function parameters to evaluate the effects of abdominal massage compared to standard care.

Children with short bowel syndrome SBS have reduced intestinal length or function, causing poor absorption of nutrients and requiring intravenous nutrition parenteral nutrition, PN to sustain hydration and nutrition. Long-term PN use can lead to serious complications including liver failure. This study evaluates the RELiZORB enzyme cartridge, a device designed to improve fat digestion and absorption by predigesting fats in enteral feeding tubes, potentially reducing the need for PN in children aged 2 to 18 years who are PN dependent. Participants will use the RELiZORB device connected inline with their enteral feeding tubes daily for 90 days. The device mimics pancreatic lipase to digest fats before they enter the intestine, bypassing the need for bile acid emulsification. Tube feeds run across the device to enhance fat absorption. This open-label, single-group trial monitors changes in PN calories, growth, fecal fat, plasma fatty acids, and nutrition intake over the study period. During the study, participants will have assessments at multiple timepoints including days 7, 14, 28, 60, and 90. Researchers will measure effectiveness by changes in PN calorie requirements and weight, monitor safety by tracking adverse events, and evaluate tolerability. The study also involves tracking growth, stool fat content, blood fatty acid levels, and nutrition intake. The total participation duration is 90 days, with regular clinic visits for monitoring and data collection.

Researchers are investigating the relationship between gut microbiota dysfunction and Alzheimers disease AD, focusing on how gut-derived short-chain fatty acids SCFAs may influence brain function through the gut microbiota-SCFAs-brain networks pathway. This observational study will explore differences in SCFAs among people across the AD spectrum, including cognitively normal individuals, those with subjective cognitive decline SCD, mild cognitive impairment MCI, and AD dementia. The project aims to clarify the interactions between gut microbiome, metabolites, and brain changes using high-throughput metabolomics and multi-modal MRI techniques. Participants will be grouped into four categories cognitively normal, SCD, MCI, and AD dementia. The study involves collecting multi-omics data, including gut microbiome analysis, metabolomics, and neuroimaging, to establish a diagnostic model for SCD due to preclinical AD using machine learning methods. The study spans five years, during which gut microbiome changes, SCFAs levels, and multi-omics biomarkers related to cognitive impairment conversion will be monitored. Participants will undergo cognitive tests and brain imaging scans, along with gut microbiome and metabolite sample collection. Researchers will assess the interaction mechanisms of the gut microbiota-SCFAs-brain networks over five years. The study includes both healthy volunteers and patients aged 60 to 80. Outcome measures focus on changes in gut microbiome, SCFAs, and biomarkers linked to cognitive decline, with long-term follow-up to better understand the disease progression and its early detection.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of low volume Transanal Irrigation TAI using the Qufora IrriSedo MiniGo device combined with standard conservative treatments compared to conservative treatment alone for patients with Low Anterior Resection Syndrome LARS. This condition affects individuals who have undergone surgery for rectal cancer. The study aims to assess improvements in clinical symptoms of LARS over a three-month period. Participants are divided into two groups one receiving low volume TAI with the MiniGo device plus standard conservative care, which includes dietary management, counseling, and prescribed medications excluding suppositories and physiotherapy and another group receiving only the standard conservative treatments. The study includes follow-ups at 6 weeks, 3 months, and up to 12 months to monitor various outcomes. During the study, participants will be regularly assessed using the LARS score to measure symptom changes, quality of life questionnaires EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR29, incontinence scores, patient satisfaction, treatment compliance, bowel management time, and healthcare resource usage. Data will be collected at multiple intervals including 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months to thoroughly evaluate the treatment impact and patient preferences.

Researchers are evaluating the impact of regular use of a consumer-grade FODMAP-targeting digestive enzyme blend called FODZYME on gastrointestinal symptoms in adults who experience self-reported bloating. The study focuses on how this enzyme blend affects symptoms such as bloating and abdominal pain, which are often triggered by fermentable carbohydrates known as FODMAPs. This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial that aims to provide a more flexible alternative to the restrictive Low FODMAP Diet by breaking down FODMAPs before they ferment in the colon. Participants will take the enzyme blend or a placebo with each meal, snack, or substantial beverage, applying it directly to their food. The trial is divided into two main periods half the participants will start with the enzyme blend for four weeks followed by a two-week washout and then switch to placebo for another four weeks the other half start with placebo and then switch to the enzyme blend after the washout. The study product is designed to target specific FODMAPs like fructan, GOS, and lactose and is intended for adults with or without IBS symptoms. During the study, participants will complete daily questionnaires and assessments over about 19 weeks, including patient-reported outcome measures for bloating, gastrointestinal symptoms, abdominal pain, food-related quality of life, and anxiety. The study is conducted remotely, allowing participants to complete assessments at home using a smartphone app. Safety is monitored by excluding those with known allergies to corn or previous reactions to digestive enzyme supplements, and researchers will review changes in bloating symptoms as the primary outcome.

Researchers are evaluating the safety, side effects, and effectiveness of brenipatide LY3537031 in adults with Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Diarrhea IBS-D. The study compares brenipatide administered under the skin with a placebo to understand its impact on this condition. This Phase 2 clinical trial involves participants aged 18 to 75 years. Participants will receive either the study drug brenipatide or a placebo through subcutaneous injections. The study follows a randomized, double-blind design where neither participants nor researchers know which treatment is given. Treatment and placebo administrations occur during the trial, which lasts approximately 35 weeks. During the study, participants will be monitored for how well they tolerate the drug and any side effects. Researchers will collect daily data on abdominal pain and stool consistency using an eDiary, focusing on responses between weeks 9 and 24. The primary measure is the percentage of participants achieving a daily composite response for at least half the days between weeks 9 and 16. Safety and efficacy outcomes are tracked throughout the trial period.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and preliminary effectiveness of SER-155, an experimental live bacterial therapeutic, as a first treatment for people experiencing diarrhea related to immunotherapy-induced enterocolitis irEC. This study focuses on adults with grade 2-3 diarrhea due to irEC who have not received immunosuppressive therapy before. The trial aims to find out if SER-155 causes few or mild side effects while addressing these symptoms. Participants will receive SER-155 orally, which consists of 16 unique human-commensal bacterial strains encapsulated for ingestion. The study is single-arm and open-label, meaning all participants will receive this experimental treatment without a comparison group. The treatment and observation will last up to one year, with assessments at various time points including days 15 and 43. During the study, participants will be monitored for treatment-related side effects and clinical responses to irEC without immunosuppressive drugs. Researchers will collect data on adverse events, treatment response and remission rates, and bacterial strain detection in the participants. The study involves regular assessments over a year to carefully track safety and treatment outcomes.

Researchers are studying pediatric cryptosporidiosis to better understand how this infection presents and progresses in children aged 6 to 59 months. The focus is on characterizing the clinical features and course of diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium, a parasite common in certain regions. This observational study aims to gather detailed information on symptoms and outcomes in affected children. Participants are children with diarrhea due to Cryptosporidium infection confirmed by specific stool tests. The study observes children with varying durations of diarrheafrom acute to chronicand different nutritional statuses. The study follows children for up to 21 days, monitoring diarrhea severity, dehydration, and parasite presence without administering any treatment. During participation, children will be assessed at multiple time points including baseline, days 3, 7, 14, and up to day 21. Researchers will collect stool samples and evaluate dehydration severity, diarrhea resolution time, and parasite shedding. Additional factors like age, nutritional status, and breastfeeding history will be analyzed to understand their association with illness duration and severity. Participants will be followed closely to capture the natural course of infection and symptoms.

Researchers are evaluating the effects of a butyrate and polyphenol formulation on gut health and related symptoms in healthy adults aged 25 to 70 who experience moderate to severe gastrointestinal discomfort. The study aims to understand how this formulation affects the gut microbiome and gastrointestinal symptoms using questionnaires and lab assessments. This is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study sponsored by Supplement Formulators, Inc. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either the butyrate plus polyphenol formulation or a placebo. The treatment period lasts 14 days, during which participants take the assigned supplement. The study includes laboratory testing to assess the gut microbiome and various questionnaires to evaluate gastrointestinal symptoms and quality of life. During the study, participants will complete laboratory assessments and several questionnaires, including the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome, digestion-related quality of life surveys, and stool form scales. Researchers will monitor changes in gut microbiome composition and gastrointestinal symptoms over the 14-day period. The study also tracks safety and symptom improvement through standardized scales and quality of life measures.

Researchers are evaluating the efficacy and safety of Live SK08 Powder compared to a placebo in treating adults with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea IBS-D. IBS-D is a chronic condition causing abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits, with no detectable organic lesions. The study aims to assess how SK08 may relieve symptoms by protecting the intestinal barrier, regulating immunity, and correcting bacterial imbalances. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either Live SK08 powder or a matching placebo powder, both taken orally twice daily for up to 52 weeks. The study is double-blind, meaning neither participants nor researchers know who receives the active treatment or placebo. Before treatment, participants undergo a run-in period with symptom monitoring, and colonoscopy results must meet specific criteria. The study includes continuous monitoring for up to one year. During the trial, participants will complete diaries to record symptoms such as abdominal pain, stool consistency, and bloating. Researchers will assess weekly responders, symptom relief scales, and quality of life scores up to 52 weeks. Safety will be monitored by tracking adverse events. Participants agree to maintain their usual diet and lifestyle throughout the study and attend scheduled visits for evaluations and laboratory tests.