Tumor

Researchers are studying how COVID-19 affects patients with cancer who are receiving different types of anti-cancer treatments. Since cancer patients are more vulnerable to the virus, many countries have prioritized their vaccination, but these patients were not included in the original vaccine trials. This study aims to understand the changes in protective antibodies after vaccination or natural infection in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy, as well as to explore how aging impacts immune responses. The study enrolls adults over 20 years old who have solid organ cancers and are either receiving anti-cancer therapies or have been disease-free for at least six months. Participants include those fully vaccinated with any COVID-19 vaccine or those who agree to complete vaccination later. The research involves monitoring antibody levels related to COVID-19 over time among these patients to observe trends in immunity. Participants will be followed for up to 12 months, with antibody tests conducted at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months to measure neutralizing and spike protein antibodies. The study collects data on how different cancer treatments affect antibody responses and monitors safety through regular outpatient follow-ups. Participation includes consenting to testing and follow-up visits to support understanding of vaccine efficacy and infection progression in cancer patients.

All currently existing longevity measures are surrogate endpoints that have not been prospectively validated against actual mortality and aging outcomes. The 100-Year Human Aging Study is a prospective, pragmatic, observational trial that addresses this gap by enrolling participants in comprehensive clinical screening and following them longitudinally until death to determine which measurements - alone and in combination - are predictive of mortality, serious disease, and functional disability. The study prioritizes dynamic measurements: the physiological, cognitive, social, and environmental capacities that change with aging and are most likely to carry predictive signal for mortality and functional outcomes. These include cardiorespiratory fitness (cardiopulmonary exercise testing with ventilatory threshold analysis), strength (grip, explosive power, functional movement), mobility and balance, neurocognitive performance, sensory function (vision, hearing, smell, light touch), and metabolic function (oral glucose tolerance, continuous glucose monitoring), in addition to other testing. Structural and imaging assessments include body composition and bone mineral density by DEXA, echocardiography, resting and stress electrocardiography, spirometry, retinal fundus photography, and vascular ultrasound. Laboratory measures are drawn on-site and processed through a CLIA-certified reference laboratory. Complete medical, surgical, family, social, occupational, and environmental histories are obtained at each visit. Participation ranges from single-service visits - including standalone DEXA, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and physician consultation - to the full two-visit comprehensive screening battery. All participation pathways contribute clinical data to the longitudinal mortality and aging outcomes linkage framework regardless of service level. Participants are encouraged to return for repeat testing to build longitudinal health trajectories across the lifespan. At enrollment and across longitudinal follow-up, the study platform generates individualized investigational constructs including biological age estimate, predicted death age, and predicted cause of death profile. These are explicitly investigational hypotheses, not validated clinical standards. Their predictive validity relative to actual mortality, aging outcomes, and functional disability is a central scientific question this study is designed to answer - both for individual measures and for composite multi-system models. All data are archived in their highest-dimensional raw form to preserve the ability to apply future analytical methods retroactively. Participants are followed with periodic contact and offered repeat screening throughout the lifespan. Longitudinal outcomes ascertainment includes all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, incident serious health events, chronic disease diagnosis, functional independence, disability status, and health behavior change.

Researchers are evaluating the safety of increasing doses of 131I-TLX101 given intravenously alongside standard care in patients newly diagnosed with glioblastoma, a type of brain tumor. This open-label, single-arm, multicenter Phase 1 study focuses on patients with histologically confirmed glioblastoma who have undergone surgery but not yet received systemic or radiation therapy. Participants receive ascending doses of 131I-IPA intravenously via infusion combined with the best standard of care, including planned chemoradiation therapy starting 3 to 6 weeks after surgery. The study monitors safety and dose-limiting toxicities over multiple dose levels to identify the recommended Phase 2 dose. During the 62-week study, participants undergo regular evaluations including clinical assessments, lab tests such as liver function, and monitoring for treatment-emergent adverse events. Researchers measure the incidence and severity of dose-limiting toxicities from the first dose until discharge after the second dose, along with overall safety and tolerability throughout the study period.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and therapeutic response of 177Lu-AB-3PRGD2 in patients with tumors that test positive for Integrin B1VB23. This early phase 1, open-label, non-controlled, and non-randomized study focuses on patients whose tumors express high levels of this integrin, an ideal target for diagnosis and treatment. The investigational drug, 177Lu-AB-3PRGD2, is a new radioligand therapy developed in China intended to treat these specific tumors. Participants receive a single intravenous dose of 1.48 GBq (40 mCi) of 177Lu-AB-3PRGD2 within one week after being selected through whole-body 68Ga-RGD PET/CT imaging. Blood samples are collected at multiple time points up to 168 hours post-injection to measure radioactivity levels. Serial whole-body planar and SPECT/CT imaging are performed at intervals up to 168 hours to monitor drug distribution and calculate internal radiation dose. During the study, patients undergo various assessments including imaging scans and blood tests to evaluate the absorbed radiation dose and the drug's therapeutic effect. The main outcome measured is the standardized uptake value of 177Lu-AB-3PRGD2 in normal organs and tumors over one year. Safety and response to treatment are closely monitored throughout the study period.

Researchers are evaluating the use of 18F-DOPA PET/CT imaging to improve the detection and assessment of various conditions including congenital hyperinsulinism, neuroblastoma, neuroendocrine tumors, Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia, and brain tumors. This phase III prospective cohort study aims to optimize imaging by assessing new digital PET/CT technology and the effect of intravenous furosemide on image quality, particularly in the pelvis. Additionally, the study investigates gallbladder activity patterns and explores possible links between brain and gallbladder dopaminergic denervation. Participants will receive an intravenous injection of 18F-DOPA at a dose of 4MBq/kg (minimum 110 MBq, maximum 600 MBq). Some patients will also be given a single intravenous dose of 40mg furosemide before imaging to improve scan quality. Imaging will be performed using a new PET/CT scanner with digital detectors and advanced reconstruction algorithms. A subgroup will undergo dynamic abdominal scans to study gallbladder activity over time. The study plans to enroll 800 patients over about five years, with approximately 160 scans yearly. During the study, researchers will measure lesion size and activity, bladder activity and artifacts, and gallbladder uptake at multiple time points. Participants will complete questionnaires about gallbladder disease history. Imaging results will be compared to previous scans for quality assessment. The study includes safety monitoring and clinical interpretation of scans, with results shared with referring physicians. Participation involves a single PET/CT scan session lasting about 20-30 minutes, with additional dynamic imaging for some patients.

Researchers are evaluating the usefulness of 18F-FAPI-04 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) in diagnosing primary and metastatic cancer lesions. The study focuses on detecting cancer recurrence and assessing pathological response in patients with various types of malignant tumors. This preliminary study uses histopathology and follow-up results as the gold standard to measure diagnostic performance. Participants receive an injection of the imaging agent 18F-FAPI-04 before undergoing PET/CT or PET/MR scans. These scans are used to quantify tumor uptake by measuring the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) and tumor-to-background ratio (TBR). The study compares the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the two imaging methods. During the study, patients with suspected or diagnosed malignant tumors undergo imaging assessments. Researchers collect imaging data and follow up with participants to confirm findings. The main outcome measured is the diagnostic performance of these imaging techniques over one year. Participants must provide informed consent, and safety monitoring is part of the study process. The age range for participants is 18 to 90 years old.

Researchers are evaluating a new imaging agent called 18F-FAPI-Biotin, which targets fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and biotin in various cancers. This early-phase study aims to observe the safety, distribution in the body, and radiation exposure of 18F-FAPI-Biotin in patients with different types of solid tumors. The study also compares 18F-FAPI-Biotin with existing imaging tracers 18F-FAPI and 18F-FDG to assess its targeting ability, detection sensitivity, and diagnostic effectiveness. Participants will receive an intravenous dose of 18F-FAPI-Biotin between 148 and 296 MBq. The study involves PET/CT scans using this novel dual targeting tracer. Researchers will perform head-to-head comparisons with scans using 18F-FAPI or 18F-FDG to evaluate dosimetric characteristics and how well the tracer detects tumor lesions. During the study, patients will undergo imaging and monitoring from right after tracer injection up to 120 minutes post-injection to measure radiation doses to normal organs and tumors. Safety and biodistribution will be observed, and diagnostic performance will be evaluated through these scans. The study includes patients aged 18 to 80 with various solid tumors and requires histopathological confirmation and informed consent for participation.

The imaging analysis will consist in obtaining quantitative measurements of lesion uptake on the pre- and post-LuPSMA RLT (lesion and whole-body SUVmax, SUVmean and tumor volume) at each time point on all PET/CT scans. PET metrics at the lesion- and whole-body level will be compared among different PET radiopharmaceuticals at the same time point, and changes over time will be assessed. All patients will be followed-up at our institution and clinical outcome will be correlated to the imaging analysis assessment.

Researchers are evaluating the use of the fluorine F 18 L-glutamate derivative BAY94-9392 (18F-FSPG) in PET imaging to help diagnose liver cancer and assess how far it has spread before patients undergo surgery or liver transplant. This phase 1 trial focuses on patients with suspected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or other liver tumors scheduled for liver resection or orthotopic liver transplant (OLT). The study compares 18F-FSPG PET/CT with other imaging methods like standard MRI, 11C-acetate PET/CT, and 18F-FDG PET/CT, and explores its uptake in benign and malignant liver lesions. Participants undergo PET scans using 18F-FSPG and either 11C-acetate or 18F-FDG within 4 weeks before surgery or OLT. The procedures include PET imaging with these radiotracers and correlative laboratory biomarker analysis. The study compares imaging results with pathology findings after surgery, assessing tumor characteristics and metabolic activity. These imaging tests aim to evaluate and compare how well 18F-FSPG PET detects liver cancer and differentiates between tumor types. During the study, researchers measure uptake values from PET scans, number of lesions, and diagnostic accuracy compared to pathology results over up to 4 years. Participants complete conventional imaging and staging with MRI or CT before PET imaging. The study tracks tumor grade, immunohistochemistry, and pharmacokinetics of the radiotracers. Safety and diagnostic measures are monitored throughout, with evaluations done within 4 weeks before surgery and continued through study completion.

Researchers are evaluating the use of 3'-deoxy-3'-[18F] fluorothymidine (FLT) PET imaging to study tumor growth and DNA synthesis activity in patients with various cancers, including brain tumors, leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumors. This phase I trial aims to see how well FLT PET imaging can detect cancer lesions, measure tumor proliferation, and estimate patients' responses to treatment. Participants receive up to four FLT PET imaging sessions. During each session, a small amount of the tracer compound [F-18] FLT is injected into the veins in a saline solution. PET scan data collection begins immediately and continues for two hours to measure tumor growth. Blood samples may be taken during each scan, and urine samples are collected afterward to analyze how the tracer breaks down. Throughout the study, participants undergo multiple imaging procedures to monitor tumor activity. Researchers measure tracer uptake and retention in tumors and normal tissues and assess changes in related enzymes and uptake values before and after therapy. Participants must be able to lie still during scans and meet certain physical and reproductive health criteria. The study includes safety precautions such as pregnancy testing and contraception requirements for fertile patients.