Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

This research aims to improve the diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTI) in older adults aged 65 years and above. It focuses on finding the best cut-off values for individual urine biomarkers such as NGAL, IL-6, AZU, TIMP2, and CXCL9, along with assessing the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of these markers. The study also seeks to validate urine leukocyte count cut-offs and evaluate the combination of biomarkers for better diagnosis. Additionally, it will explore how biomarker levels relate to symptom duration, complications, recurrence within two months, and hospital stay length. The performance of the astrego PA100 device in detecting bacteriuria will also be validated. Participants will provide a midstream urine sample once at the start of the study, which will be collected in a sterile container for biomarker testing. They will answer questions about their symptoms and general health at the beginning and again after eight weeks. Vital signs, including temperature and blood pressure, will be measured once at the start. This observational study does not involve any treatment but focuses on diagnostic assessments. During the study, participants will be monitored for symptoms and potential complications. Researchers will track symptom duration, hospital stay lengths, and recurrence of UTI over an eight-week period. Diagnostic accuracy of individual biomarkers and their combinations will be evaluated at baseline. The study will also assess the diagnostic performance of the PA100 device for bacteriuria detection. Overall participation involves two assessments and one urine sample collection, spanning about eight weeks from inclusion to follow-up.

Researchers are studying men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) to understand how different PET/CT scans can predict outcomes during radioligand therapy with 177Lu-PSMA-617. This is an exploratory, prospective study conducted at a single center, focusing on imaging tumor heterogeneity to help assess therapy effects and patient response. The study is designed specifically for Veterans undergoing this treatment. Participants will receive several types of PET/CT scans at different times: before starting LuPSMA radioligand therapy (RLT), and then after the 2nd, 4th, and 6th treatment cycles. These scans include 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT (Axumin), 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT, and 18F-FDG PET/CT. The 18F-Fluciclovine scans will be performed within seven days of the PSMA PET scans to compare imaging results at each time point. During the study, detailed imaging measures such as lesion uptake and tumor volume will be collected and analyzed over time. Patients will be followed at the institution to correlate these imaging results with clinical outcomes. The main outcome measured is the impact of 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT on predicting outcomes of the 177Lu-PSMA-617 therapy from enrollment through 34 weeks of treatment.

This research aims to evaluate antibiotic treatments for acute pyelonephritis (AP) in children aged 1 month to 3 years. It compares a shorter intravenous (IV) antibiotic course of 3 days alone to a longer treatment consisting of 3 days IV followed by 7 days of oral antibiotics. The goal is to see if the shorter IV treatment is as effective in curing AP and preventing recurrence and renal scarring, while reducing the risk of antibiotic resistance and preserving gut microbiota diversity. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. The experimental group receives only 3 days of IV antibiotics with ceftriaxone and/or amikacin, after which treatment is stopped. The control group receives the usual care of 3 days IV antibiotics followed by 7 days of oral antibiotics, either cotrimoxazole or cefixime. The study includes collection of fecal or rectal swabs and blood tests to assess microbiota and resistance. Treatment effectiveness and safety are compared between groups. During the study, children are monitored for fever, symptoms, and urine cultures to confirm infection clearance. Researchers measure recurrence of febrile urinary tract infections within 28 days after treatment ends and follow clinical cure at 10 or 17 days depending on the group. Additional assessments include monitoring recurrence at 90 days, antimicrobial resistance in gut bacteria, and intestinal microbiota diversity over about a month. Participation lasts through treatment and follow-up visits up to several weeks.

Researchers are investigating why some men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), a common condition causing urinary problems due to prostate enlargement, do not respond to the typical treatment drug Finasteride. The study focuses on understanding resistance to this treatment and hopes to use noninvasive methods like MRI to detect prostate inflammation and predict which patients will not benefit from Finasteride, allowing for alternative treatments in the future. Men eligible for the study will receive Finasteride as standard care for BPH symptoms, particularly those with moderate urinary symptoms and a prostate size over 40cc. Participants will undergo prostate MRIs and biopsies, along with blood and urine tests, before starting treatment. They will be monitored every six months with symptom assessments and have follow-up MRIs at three years to track changes in prostate size and inflammation, while tissue samples will be analyzed for gene expression and hormonal levels. Throughout the study, participants will attend clinic visits to evaluate urinary symptoms and treatment response, with a key assessment at 12 months to measure the effect of Finasteride. Researchers will collect detailed data including MRI scans, prostate tissue analyses, and hormone tests to understand treatment resistance. The study aims to improve how BPH is managed by identifying patients unlikely to respond to current therapy, with monitoring continuing over several years to gather comprehensive information.

Researchers are evaluating the Human Multigene Methylation Detection Kit (Fluorescent PCR Method) to help diagnose bladder cancer by comparing it with standard clinical methods such as medical imaging, cystoscopy, and pathological examination. The study includes participants diagnosed with or suspected of bladder cancer, those at high risk, or those with symptoms or other conditions that might be confused with bladder cancer. The goal is to assess the safety and effectiveness of this urine DNA testing kit. Participants will provide urine specimens for testing with the Human Multigene Methylation Detection Kit, and will also undergo examinations using the standard clinical methods. The study involves two groups of participants: one with bladder cancer and one without. Technical staff evaluating the urine test results will be blinded to the clinical diagnosis results. The study is observational and single-blinded. During the study, participants will provide urine samples and undergo medical imaging, cystoscopy, or pathological examination as needed. Researchers will compare the urinary test results with clinical findings to analyze sensitivity, specificity, consistency rate, and agreement (Kappa Coefficient) over one year. Participants' involvement includes specimen collection and standard diagnostic procedures, with safety and diagnosis effectiveness monitored throughout the study period.

This research aims to evaluate a new approach for preventing recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children and adolescents aged 2 to 17 years. It compares the use of a probiotic called Saccharomyces Boulardii combined with an antibiotic, ciprofloxacin, given when a UTI occurs, against standard care treatments. The study focuses on patients with a history of multiple UTIs and certain urinary tract conditions, aiming to reduce the number of UTI episodes over six months. Participants will receive the probiotic Saccharomyces Boulardii once daily for six months regardless of symptoms. At enrollment, all participants will be provided with ciprofloxacin. Those who have UTI symptoms or a positive urine culture at the start will take ciprofloxacin every 12 hours for 14 days. Those without symptoms will take the antibiotic only if a UTI occurs later. All participants will continue to receive standard clinical care, including management of bowel and bladder function and other non-antibiotic treatments as determined by their healthcare providers. Throughout the study, participants will be monitored for UTI episodes, with the primary outcome being the reduction in UTI episodes over six months. Researchers will track adherence to the probiotic and antibiotic regimens and standard care practices. Safety and tolerability will be observed, and participants’ health will be assessed through clinical visits and urine cultures as needed. The study duration and follow-up ensure careful observation of the treatments’ effects and participants’ well-being.

Researchers are evaluating the safety, tolerability, and how the body processes (pharmacokinetics) single and multiple intravenous doses of a drug called BWC0977 in healthy adult volunteers. This Phase 1 study involves a total of 64 healthy adults aged 18 to 55 years and is designed as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with multiple dose groups. The study focuses on measuring any treatment-emergent adverse events and serious adverse events to understand the drug's safety profile. Participants will be divided into two main groups: single ascending dose (SAD) and multiple ascending dose (MAD) cohorts. In the SAD phase, volunteers receive one intravenous infusion of BWC0977 or placebo over 2 hours at doses of 750 mg or 1500 mg. In the MAD phase, participants receive multiple intravenous infusions of BWC0977 or placebo over 30 minutes to 2 hours daily for 7 to 10 consecutive days. Dose levels will increase sequentially based on safety and tolerability data collected during the study. During the study, participants will undergo various assessments including physical exams, vital signs, ECGs, laboratory tests, and blood sampling at specific times before, during, and after infusions to monitor safety and measure drug levels in the body. Researchers will track adverse events for up to 8 days after single dosing and up to 16 days after multiple dosing. Volunteers must comply with study visits and requirements throughout the trial, which lasts until August 2026.

This research focuses on adult patients with sepsis caused by abdominal infections, aiming to understand the progression of entero-renal syndrome. The study compares patients who survive with those who do not by examining gastrointestinal function, blood flow in the superior mesenteric artery, and the renal artery resistance index. Researchers seek to provide reliable information to improve clinical decision-making and rescue success rates. Participants undergo ultrasound examinations to measure the gastric antrum cross-sectional area, colon diameter, colon peristalsis frequency, and renal artery resistance index. These measurements are taken at multiple time points: upon ICU admission, and then 6, 24, 48, 72, and 120 hours later. Additional monitoring includes central venous pressure, oxygen saturation, inflammatory markers, blood lactic acid, blood creatinine, fluid intake, and bladder pressure. During the study, participants are monitored closely in the ICU with data collected to assess survival outcomes. The main outcome measures focus on the resistance indices of the superior mesenteric artery and renal artery at admission and at 24 and 72 hours post-admission. This observational study extends up to 120 hours with ongoing assessments to better understand the syndrome’s progression and support clinical care for sepsis patients.

Researchers are evaluating LBP-EC01, a recombinant bacteriophage cocktail, in a Phase 2 study for women with acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by drug-resistant E. coli. The study aims to find the best dosing regimen and compare the treatment's safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and effectiveness against placebo when combined with an antibiotic, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX). Eligible participants must have an active acute UTI at the start and a history of prior UTI caused by antimicrobial-resistant E. coli. The study has two parts. Part 1 is an open-label dose regimen selection with 30 patients divided into three groups receiving different doses of LBP-EC01 via intraurethral and intravenous administration alongside oral TMP/SMX over three days. Part 2 is a double-blind, randomized comparison of the selected LBP-EC01 dose regimen versus placebo, both with oral TMP/SMX, in 288 patients. Treatment in Part 2 lasts three days, with doses given twice daily for TMP/SMX and specified LBP-EC01 doses on days 1 to 3. Participants will provide urine, blood, and stool samples for microbiological and pharmacokinetic analyses. Researchers will monitor clinical symptoms, microbiologic responses, adverse events, and immunogenicity over several follow-up visits up to six months. The main outcomes include drug levels in urine and blood, symptom resolution, and microbiological cure by day 10. Safety and tolerability are also closely observed throughout the study.

Researchers are conducting an international, multicenter observational study to understand how patients admitted to hospitals with emergency haematuria are managed. The study aims to identify variations in care, measure outcomes like length of hospital stay, mortality, readmission rates, and resource use, and support the development of future guidelines and trials to improve haematuria management. The study collects detailed data on patient demographics, underlying health conditions, diagnostic procedures, treatments, and outcomes using a standardized form. It includes patients admitted as emergencies with haematuria under urology care. The study observes current hospital management pathways and gathers information through questionnaires to participating sites. Participants will be followed during their hospital stay and for 90 days afterward. Researchers will evaluate length of stay, time to diagnosis, mortality at 30 and 90 days, readmissions, days alive and out of hospital, and healthcare costs. The study uses data analysis to assess factors linked to outcomes and variations in care. Participation involves no changes to treatment as it is observational, and data will be collected consecutively over a 12-month period from multiple centers.