X-Ray

This research aims to evaluate Bevonescein, a sterile intravenous drug, in patients undergoing minimally invasive abdominopelvic surgery. The study focuses on assessing the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of Bevonescein in highlighting nerves and ureters during surgery. It also investigates how the drug behaves in the body and the dose needed to produce clear fluorescent imaging for nerve and ureter visualization. Participants will receive Bevonescein during two study phases a dose defining phase and a dose expansion phase for each surgical setting. The drug is given as an intravenous infusion, and the study uses specialized imaging systems to record fluorescence signals in targeted tissues. These phases help determine the optimal dose and gather safety and imaging data. Throughout the study, participants will be monitored with fluorescence system surveys approximately 28 days after dosing, plus or minus 5 days. Researchers will collect data on the drugs imaging effects and safety. The total duration includes screening, dosing, and follow-up assessments to evaluate Bevonesceins performance during minimally invasive surgery.

Researchers are evaluating the accuracy and feasibility of an AI-assisted blind-sweep obstetric ultrasound called SPAQ E-con AI, used by trained non-specialist health workers for antenatal screening in rural Democratic Republic of the Congo. This multi-center prospective study includes about 1,430 pregnant women and aims to compare AI measurements of gestational age and fetal conditions to manual measurements by expert readers. The study also includes an adaptive model update plan following regulatory guidance. Participants undergo ultrasound scans using a smartphone-based 9-sweep technique operated by trained non-specialists after short training. The AI estimates gestational age, fetal presentation, and placenta location. The study includes natural enrollment of antenatal care attendees and enriched groups for placenta praevia, fetal malpresentation, and early pregnancy cases. Data collection spans up to 12 months, with interim analyses and adaptive updates planned. During the study, participants receive routine antenatal care while undergoing ultrasound screening. Researchers measure gestational age accuracy in second and third trimesters, AI confidence calibration, and secondary outcomes like sensitivity for placenta praevia, inter-rater reliability, and acceptability of the intervention. They also track protocol adherence, screening coverage, and sustainability of AI use. The study lasts through completion up to June 2027, with ongoing data collection and monitoring.

Researchers are evaluating how the timing of artificial intelligence AI support affects chest X-ray interpretation by healthcare professionals. This study explores whether showing AI information before or after a clinician first reviews a chest X-ray changes their visual search behavior, interpretation time, decision-making, confidence, and trust in AI. The study uses a behavioral diagnostic reader design involving eye-tracking technology to better understand these effects in a controlled NHS research setting. Participants will complete two chest X-ray interpretation sessions spaced at least four weeks apart, using the same set of de-identified images. In one session, AI output is shown before the clinician reviews the X-ray, while in the other session, the AI information is shown after the initial review. Each session involves a two-phase interpretation process where either the X-ray or AI output is first viewed, followed by the introduction of the other source before final interpretation submission. Eye-tracking equipment records visual attention and search patterns during the tasks. Participants will review 25 chest X-ray cases per session and complete questionnaires about their experience with AI support. Researchers will analyze interpretation time, diagnostic accuracy, clinical recommendations, confidence, trust, and visual search behavior. Data collected includes eye-tracking metrics, structured interpretation responses, and participant feedback. The study does not involve patients directly, change clinical care, or use AI for actual diagnosis. It aims to provide evidence to guide safer and more effective use of AI in chest X-ray interpretation.

Researchers are evaluating a new noninvasive system that uses artificial intelligence AI to analyze multiple types of imaging, including magnetic resonance enterography MRE and computed tomography enterography CTE, to help diagnose and predict outcomes for digestive diseases. This observational study collects and analyzes retrospective imaging, endoscopic, and clinical data from 21 centers in China to build and improve the AI model. The model will then be tested prospectively in two centers and its ability to locate lesions will be checked in real-world endoscopy settings. The study involves using a virtual endoscopy model to assist in diagnosis by integrating and analyzing multimodal imaging features. The AI system is designed to support diagnosis without any invasive procedures. The study will confirm the models accuracy and effectiveness through retrospective data, prospective validation, and real-world deployment in clinical environments. Participants will contribute data from their imaging and endoscopic exams, with at least one technically adequate CT or MR scan and a high-quality colonoscopy performed within one month of imaging. Researchers will assess the AI models diagnostic performance by measuring the area under the ROC curve AUC over six months. The study includes ongoing monitoring of data quality and imaging accuracy to ensure reliable validation of the AI system.

Diabetes is a widespread chronic condition that leads to high risks of cardiovascular problems and lower limb amputations. This research explores how Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging SFDI, a noninvasive optical method, can assess blood flow changes before and after lower limb revascularization procedures like angioplasty in diabetic patients. The trial aims to determine if SFDI can provide objective feedback to predict outcomes and aid early intervention to save limbs. Participants will undergo SFDI imaging on both the treated and untreated feet, focusing on the heel and pad areas. Imaging is done before and after the angioplasty procedure on the same day to capture changes in tissue oxygen saturation and hemoglobin. This pilot study involves 15 diabetic patients having lower limb arterial angioplasty. During the study, participants will have noninvasive foot assessments using SFDI to monitor tissue oxygen levels and blood flow. Researchers will compare these imaging results with toe pressure measurements to evaluate changes in perfusion caused by angioplasty. The primary measure is the change in tissue oxygen saturation immediately before and after the procedure. The overall participation lasts around the intervention day with imaging assessments pre- and post-operation.

This research aims to explore a new way to assess if patients are ready for surgery, focusing on those with gastric, oesophageal, or pancreatic cancer. Surgery for these cancers is very demanding, so doctors need reliable methods to predict if a patient can handle the procedure. Currently, fitness is tested using Cardiopulmonary Exercise Tests CPET, which involve cycling with increasing effort to measure oxygen use. However, CPET can be hard for some patients and requires many resources. This study investigates whether Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy MRS of thigh muscle fat levels can serve as an alternative measure of surgical fitness. The study has two phases. In the first phase, 56 patients scheduled for major cancer surgeries will have MRS scans of their thigh muscles along with their usual CPET tests. The MRS scans will be done without delaying their treatment and can be scheduled within two weeks of referral. In the second phase, 25 healthy volunteers will have repeated MRS scans in a single session and again after two weeks to check the consistency of MRS measurements over time. Participants will undergo MRS scans, and for patients also CPET, with no changes to their normal treatment schedule. Researchers will compare the fat levels from MRS scans with CPET results to see if they correlate well. They will also study differences between patients who experience major complications and those who do not, and assess the repeatability of MRS results over short and long periods. The study will last up to two years to collect and analyze these outcomes.

This research aims to evaluate the knowledge and technical skills of emergency medicine advanced practice providers APPs in performing cardiac point-of-care ultrasound POCUS through a simulation and just-in-time training pathway. The goal is to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and usability of this ultrasound training program and develop a standardized model that could help improve POCUS clinical performance and patient care. Participants will undergo a cardiac POCUS simulation session followed by a hands-on observed structured clinical skill exam led by ultrasound-trained faculty. After training, APPs will perform POCUS during standard clinical care under the supervision of emergency medicine attending physicians. The study includes surveys and interviews before training, immediately after, and six months later to assess the programs impact. Throughout the study, participants will complete knowledge and skill assessments as well as surveys and semi-structured interviews to evaluate feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of the training. Researchers will measure outcomes such as the educational and clinical impact of the training on POCUS use, image quality, diagnostic accuracy, and related clinical metrics over 1 to 2 years at each study site. The total participation duration varies with ongoing staffing needs and training assessments.

Researchers are investigating whether coronary computed tomography angiography CCTA can be used instead of invasive coronary angiography ICA for people with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome NSTEACS. This study aims to see if CCTA can safely and effectively guide treatment decisions, potentially reducing complications, improving comfort, speeding up care, and lowering costs compared to the traditional invasive approach. The trial is randomized and evaluates outcomes in individuals suspected of having this heart condition. Participants are assigned to one of two groups one group receives CCTA plus team-based interventional triage, where a specialized team reviews the CCTA results to plan treatment the other group receives the standard conventional ICA. Both procedures occur during hospital admission. The study monitors participants over time to compare these diagnostic and treatment strategies. During the study, researchers will track major heart-related events over one year, including heart attacks, death from cardiovascular causes, and need for unplanned procedures. They will also evaluate quality of life, angina symptoms, radiation exposure during hospital stay, and length of hospitalization. Participants provide informed consent and receive follow-up assessments to measure these outcomes and ensure safety throughout the trial.

Researchers are investigating the relationship between specific radiologic lesions seen in temporal bone CT and MR imaging and vestibular function in people with bilateral vestibulopathy, a condition causing balance and hearing problems. The study compares patients who carry the p.P51S mutation in the COCH gene, associated with a genetic form of vestibular loss called DFNA9, to those with bilateral vestibulopathy of other causes. This research aims to understand how these radiologic findings relate to vestibular function using the Barany criteria. Participants undergo diagnostic tests including CT and MR imaging of the temporal bone, genetic testing for the p.P51S mutation, and several vestibular function tests such as videonystagmography, video head impulse test, vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, and audiometry. The study includes two groups patients with bilateral vestibulopathy meeting Barany criteria and DFNA9 patients carrying the genetic mutation with bilateral vestibulopathy. All testing occurs at the time of recruitment. During the study, participants will have their vestibular and hearing function assessed through the described diagnostic tests and genetic analysis. Researchers will evaluate CT and MR imaging findings alongside vestibular test results to understand the correlation between radiologic lesions and vestibular function. The study involves a one-time evaluation at recruitment, with no long-term follow-up described. Participation lasts for the duration of these assessments.

Researchers are studying whether injecting a small amount of fluid into the pleural cavity during a CT-guided lung biopsy can reduce the risk of pneumothorax, a common complication. This randomized controlled study focuses on patients who need a lung biopsy due to suspicious or unclear lung lesions and aims to improve biopsy safety by also considering patient positioning to biopsy gravity-dependent lung areas. Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to receive either an injection of up to 20 ml of sodium chloride fluid into the pleural cavity before biopsy or no fluid. The biopsy procedure involves taking three samples using an 18G or 20G coaxial needle, performed by Interventional Radiology. The biopsy itself is clinically indicated and not specifically for the study. Data, including images, lab results, clinical information, and pathology findings, will be collected and analyzed. During the study, researchers will monitor patients immediately after biopsy for complications such as pneumothorax, bleeding, chest tube placement, and air embolism, typically within about five minutes. Records and imaging from hospital systems will be reviewed for analysis. Participation involves the biopsy procedure as part of usual care, with additional data collection to assess risks. The study is planned to run until April 2027.