What this Trial Is About

This research aims to compare the periodontal health of cigarette smokers, heated tobacco product users, and non-smokers to understand if tobacco users have worse clinical and radiographic periodontal conditions. The study focuses on clinical parameters such as probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, plaque index, clinical attachment loss, radiographic bone loss, and gingival crevicular fluid volume. It is a cross-sectional observational study conducted at the Department of Prosthodontics at Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. Participants include cigarette smokers who smoke at least one cigarette daily, exclusive heated tobacco product users who use these devices daily and are not regular cigarette smokers, and non-smokers who have never used any tobacco. The study does not involve any treatment or intervention but compares these groups based on their periodontal status and gingival crevicular fluid volume. During the study, patients will undergo clinical and radiographic examinations to measure periodontal health indicators and gingival crevicular fluid volume. Outcomes include assessing marginal bone loss at baseline and evaluating differences among the groups. The study excludes third molars from examination and collects data from patients enrolled at the university's prosthodontics department.

Investigating the Periodontal Status of Traditional and Heated Tobacco Product Users