Prahran

This research aims to gather long-term safety and effectiveness information for people treated with ibrutinib, a medicine taken by mouth that blocks a specific enzyme called brutons tyrosine kinase. The study focuses on participants who previously took part in ibrutinib studies that have finished and are still receiving ibrutinib treatment, continuing to benefit from it. It is an open-label study, meaning both participants and researchers know the treatment being given. Participants will continue taking ibrutinib capsules daily at the dose they were given in their prior study until the doctor decides the treatment is no longer helpful due to disease progression or side effects, the participant chooses to stop, other treatment options become available, or the study ends. Safety will be monitored throughout, and effectiveness data may be combined with previous study results. No formal testing of hypotheses is planned in this extension. During the study, participants will be regularly monitored for safety and disease status. The main outcome is the number of participants experiencing side effects within 30 days after the last ibrutinib dose or before starting another cancer therapy. Participants may continue treatment until alternative access to ibrutinib is arranged or the study ends, which is planned for December 2029. Researchers will collect ongoing data to understand the long-term effects of ibrutinib treatment.

Mycobacterium abscessus MABS is a group of rapidly growing bacteria resistant to many drugs, causing lung infections that can lead to serious health problems, decreased lung function, and higher risk during lung transplants. The prevalence of MABS infections is increasing globally despite the relatively small number of affected people. The Finding the Optimal Regimen for Mycobacterium abscessus Treatment FORMaT trial aims to identify the best treatment combinations to improve health outcomes while reducing side effects and treatment burden. It also seeks to develop biomarkers to guide treatment decisions and assess disease severity in patients with MABS pulmonary disease MABS-PD. The trial is an ongoing, adaptive study designed to test and improve combinations of therapies for both children and adults with MABS-PD. Participants receive various drug treatments including intravenous therapies such as amikacin, tigecycline, cefoxitin or imipenem combined with oral antibiotics like azithromycin, clarithromycin, and clofazimine. The study includes phases of intensive intravenous therapy followed by consolidation therapy with oral andor inhaled antibiotics. Treatments can be adjusted based on tolerance and microbiological response, with new therapies added or removed as evidence evolves. Participants are involved in screening, treatment, and follow-up visits extending up to 62 weeks. The study monitors microbiological clearance of infection alongside treatment tolerance. Assessments include lung function tests, chest CT scans, quality of life questionnaires, six-minute walk tests, and evaluation of treatment safety and resistance. Researchers also study health costs and reasons for early withdrawal. This comprehensive monitoring helps understand how treatments affect disease control, lung health, and patient well-being over time.

This trial investigates transfusion strategies for younger patients aged 18 to 65 undergoing cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. It compares two common approaches to red blood cell transfusion thresholds to determine which is better for patients at moderate to high risk, focusing on important health outcomes after surgery. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group receives a restrictive transfusion strategy, where transfusions are given only if hemoglobin levels drop below 75 gL during or after surgery. The other group follows a liberal transfusion strategy, with transfusions given at higher hemoglobin thresholds during surgery, in the intensive care unit, or on the ward. The study is open-label and conducted at multiple international centers. During the trial, researchers monitor participants for events such as death, heart attacks, kidney failure requiring dialysis, and neurological problems up to six months after surgery. They also track hospital stay length, infections, mechanical ventilation time, and other complications. Participants are followed closely through hospital discharge and for several months afterward to collect this important information.