Santos

Researchers are comparing two treatment combinations for adults with advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC that have a specific KRAS p.G12C mutation and are negative for PD-L1 expression. The study aims to evaluate progression-free survival and overall survival between participants receiving sotorasib with platinum doublet chemotherapy and those receiving pembrolizumab with platinum doublet chemotherapy. This phase 3, randomized, open-label trial is led by Amgen and includes participants with stage IV or advanced stage IIIBC NSCLC. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either sotorasib orally combined with carboplatin and pemetrexed, or pembrolizumab intravenously combined with the same chemotherapy drugs. These treatments are given as front-line therapy. The study includes a treatment period with these drug combinations and monitoring for outcomes such as response rates and quality of life over several years. During the study, participants will be regularly assessed through various measures including survival status, tumor response, and quality-of-life questionnaires focusing on lung cancer symptoms. Researchers will monitor safety by tracking adverse events, vital signs, and laboratory tests. Treatment concentrations of sotorasib will also be measured up to 64 days after starting. The total study duration includes follow-up for up to approximately 5.5 years to fully evaluate treatment effects and outcomes.

Researchers are evaluating icotrokinra for its effectiveness and safety in people with moderately to severely active Crohns disease, a condition causing severe inflammation in the intestines. This clinical trial is a Phase 2b3 study aiming to understand how well icotrokinra works compared to placebo to improve symptoms and intestinal healing. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive one of several treatments two different doses of icotrokinra or a matching placebo, taken orally every day during an induction period of up to 12 weeks. Based on their response at Week 12, participants may continue with maintenance dosing or placebo up to Week 40. Those completing the maintenance phase may join a long-term extension study for further evaluation. During the trial, participants will be monitored with clinical assessments, endoscopy, and patient-reported outcomes to measure response, remission, and safety. The main outcomes include clinical response and remission at Weeks 12 and 40, along with endoscopic healing. Safety will be tracked through adverse event reporting up to four weeks after the last dose. The study is expected to continue until 2032, with multiple visits for treatment and evaluations throughout.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and effectiveness of several long-acting antibody treatments for adults with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis UC. This Phase 2, multicenter platform study aims to compare multiple investigational therapies, including both single agents and combinations, to better understand their potential benefits and risks. The study is sponsored by Spyre Therapeutics, Inc. and involves adults aged 18 to 75 years with active UC confirmed by endoscopy and histology.

This research aims to evaluate the effects of TAK-330 compared to standard four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate 4F-PCC in adults treated with Factor Xa inhibitors who need urgent surgery or invasive procedures. The study focuses on reversing anticoagulation caused by Factor Xa inhibitors and is a Phase 3, randomized, triple-blind trial sponsored by Takeda. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either TAK-330 or the standard 4F-PCC. TAK-330 is given as a single intravenous infusion dose of 25 IUkg before surgery, with an optional additional 25 IUkg dose during surgery if needed, not exceeding a total of 50 IUkg or 5,000 IU. The standard 4F-PCC dose and infusion speed follow local protocols, with an additional dose allowed during surgery under the same maximum limits. These treatments are administered during hospitalization prior to surgery. During the study, participants will be hospitalized for the surgery and treatment administration, with assessments of hemostasis effectiveness at surgery end and 24 hours after treatment. Researchers will monitor blood product use, adverse events including thrombotic events, and participant survival up to 30 days after surgery. Follow-up will also include contact via telehealth or phone 30 days post-surgery to evaluate safety and outcomes. Total participation duration covers the hospital stay and the 30-day post-surgery monitoring period.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and effectiveness of TAK-279 in treating adults with moderately to severely active Crohns disease, a long-lasting condition causing inflammation in any part of the gut. This Phase 2b study aims to see if three different doses of TAK-279 can reduce bowel inflammation and ulcers compared to a placebo after 12 weeks of treatment. The study also compares medical problems experienced by participants taking TAK-279 or placebo and how well they tolerate these issues. An endoscopy will be used to assess bowel inflammation. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups three groups receiving different doses of TAK-279 capsules and one group receiving placebo capsules. The treatment period lasts 52 weeks one year, followed by a 4-week safety follow-up. TAK-279 and placebo capsules are taken orally, and the study is conducted at multiple global centers. Treatment groups remain undisclosed to participants and doctors unless urgent medical needs arise. During the study, participants will visit the clinic 15 times for assessments, including endoscopies to check for bowel inflammation. Researchers will measure responses such as endoscopic improvement based on the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohns Disease at week 12 and other clinical remission and response indicators. Quality of life and fatigue levels will also be evaluated. The total study duration is about 60 weeks, including treatment and follow-up.

Researchers are evaluating elritercept for its ability to reduce the need for red blood cell RBC transfusions and its safety compared to epoetin alfa in adults with very low, low, or intermediate risk myelodysplastic syndromes MDS who require regular blood transfusions. The study aims to understand if elritercept improves tiredness, lowers transfusion burden, enhances quality of life, and elicits an immune response. Participants receive either elritercept or epoetin alfa injections. Elritercept is given as a subcutaneous injection starting at 3.75 mgkg every 4 weeks, with possible dose increases to 5.0 mgkg. Epoetin alfa is administered as a subcutaneous injection starting at 450 IUkg once weekly, with possible dose escalation up to 1050 IUkg. The study follows participants for approximately 5 years to monitor treatment effects and safety. During the trial, participants are regularly assessed for transfusion independence, hemoglobin levels, fatigue, quality of life, and hematological improvements. Researchers monitor blood samples for drug concentration and immune response. Safety is evaluated through medical history, lab tests, and adverse event tracking. The main outcome is the proportion of participants achieving RBC transfusion independence for at least 12 weeks during the first 24 weeks. The study uses questionnaires and clinical assessments to measure fatigue and quality of life.

Researchers are evaluating minimally invasive methods to prevent and control dental caries in Brazilian schoolchildren aged 6 to 12 years under routine public health conditions. This multicenter, longitudinal interventional study is coordinated by the Brazilian Association of Pediatric Dentistry and involves 50,000 children from public schools in five Brazilian cities. The study aims to assess how carious lesions progress and how well minimally invasive treatments work in typical school-based health settings. The study has two main phases. In the first phase, all children will undergo dental screening using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System ICDAS and receive preventive care such as fluoride varnish applications, oral health education, supervised toothbrushing, and toothpaste and toothbrush provision. In the second phase, 2,500 children diagnosed with active carious lesions will receive one of four minimally invasive treatment protocols based on lesion severity, including fluoride varnish applications, ART sealants, and atraumatic restorative treatment with optional use of PapacarieDUO. Treatments and preventive measures will be repeated every three months during follow-up. Participants will be followed every three months for up to 24 months to monitor caries activity, the condition of sealants and restorations, the inactivation of white spot lesions, and adherence to preventive oral health habits. Researchers will perform regular dental examinations and apply treatments or maintenance as needed. The study will measure how well these minimally invasive protocols control dental caries and maintain oral health over time, with ongoing evaluations throughout the two-year period.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and effectiveness of LY4268989 compared to a placebo in adults with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis UC. The study focuses on participants with a diagnosis of UC for at least 3 months, confirmed by specific clinical and endoscopic criteria. This Phase 2 trial aims to better understand how LY4268989 may impact clinical remission and response in this patient group over a long-term period. Participants will receive either one of two doses of LY4268989 or a placebo, all administered orally. The study is randomized and double-blind, meaning neither participants nor researchers know who receives the active drug or placebo. The treatment period lasts up to approximately 108 weeks, excluding the screening phase, allowing for assessment of the drug over an extended time. During the study, participants will undergo regular evaluations including clinical assessments using the Modified Mayo Score to measure remission and response at multiple time points, including weeks 10 and 52. Researchers will also monitor symptomatic response and measure plasma concentrations of LY4268989. Safety and effectiveness will be tracked through these clinical and laboratory tests to understand the drugs impact on UC over the study duration.

Researchers are investigating the safety and tolerability of an absorbable oxandrolone implant used as an additional treatment during rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament ACL reconstruction surgery. This phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study aims to assess serious adverse events related to the treatment over 24 weeks and explore its effects on muscle mass, strength, and functional recovery in men and women following ACL surgery. Oxandrolone is an anabolic steroid with high anabolic and low androgenic activity, previously approved for weight loss after trauma or surgery. Participants will receive either the absorbable oxandrolone implant or a placebo implant inserted subdermally. Men will receive two 200 mg implants total 400 mg while women will receive one 200 mg implant. The study monitors the serum and pharmacokinetic profile of oxandrolone up to 24 weeks post-insertion. The study includes regular measurements of androgenization signs, biochemical, metabolic, hormonal profiles, and blood clotting parameters at multiple time points. During the 24-week study, participants will undergo scheduled assessments including clinical evaluations, blood tests for oxandrolone concentration and safety markers at pre-insertion and several intervals up to week 24. Researchers will collect reports of any serious adverse events and monitor functional recovery related to muscle and knee function. The trial lasts 24 weeks after implant insertion, with careful observation of safety and exploratory efficacy throughout this period.