Qian Xi Nan Bu Yi Zu Miao Zu Zi Zhi Zhou

Researchers are investigating acute aortic syndrome AAS, a serious and life-threatening heart condition where inflammation plays a significant role in its development and progression. This large observational study involves 20 cardiovascular centers in China collaborating to understand inflammatory responses and anti-inflammatory treatments in patients undergoing surgery for AAS. The study aims to assess how inflammation and anti-inflammatory strategies affect patient outcomes after surgery, including complications and survival. The study enrolls adult patients who have undergone surgery for AAS, which includes various types of aortic injuries such as dissection, penetrating ulcers, or hematomas. Participants may have received medical therapy, open surgery, endovascular repair, or hybrid procedures, sometimes combined with other cardiac surgeries. Data about their inflammatory responses and clinical results are collected through designed forms and analyzed using statistical software. This observational study began in 2016 and will continue enrolling patients until 2040. Participants will be followed over time to evaluate key outcomes like severe inflammatory reactions within 7 days after surgery and operative mortality within 30 days. Researchers will also monitor other complications such as organ dysfunction, stroke, kidney injury, infections, bleeding, and length of intensive care stay. The study gathers detailed information through clinical data collection and monitors these outcomes to better understand and improve management for patients with AAS over the long term.

Researchers are evaluating whether injecting nicardipine directly into the cerebrospinal fluid improves outcomes for patients with cerebral vasospasm caused by aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. This multi-center, prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial compares two methods of delivering nicardipine through extraventricular drainage EVD or lumbar drainage LD. The study aims to determine which approach leads to a better prognosis for affected patients. Participants in the treatment group receive intrathecal nicardipine injections via EVD or LD catheters. The process involves withdrawing 6 ml of cerebrospinal fluid, injecting 4 ml 4 mg of nicardipine hydrochloride, followed by 2 ml of saline, then clamping the catheter for 2 hours. This dosing is done twice daily. The control group undergoes a simulated procedure without receiving the drug. The drainage tubes remain open as clinically needed between doses. During the study, participants are monitored for outcomes using multiple scales, including the Modified Rankin Scale at 90 and 365 days, Glasgow Outcome Score, MMSE, NIH Stroke Scale, and rates of complications like infections or hemorrhage. Safety is assessed through adverse event tracking. Follow-up visits occur up to one year after treatment. The entire study period spans from the start of treatment to long-term outcome evaluations.