Old Cairo

Researchers are evaluating two extraglottic airway devices, Laryseal Pro and Ambu Aura Gain, as conduits for fiberoptic endotracheal intubation in children aged 4 to 8 years. The study aims to compare these devices in terms of the time required for endotracheal intubation and other clinical performance measures, focusing on improving airway management safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia. The trial involves two study groups one using the Ambu Aura Gain device and the other using the Laryseal Pro device for fiberoptic-guided endotracheal intubation. Both devices allow oxygenation while guiding the endotracheal tube into the airway, with features such as gastric access and design elements to improve safety and ease of intubation. This is a prospective randomized controlled study assessing device performance during surgeries lasting more than one hour under general anesthesia. Participants will be closely monitored during intubation procedures with assessments including intubation time, laryngeal view quality, airway seal pressure, success rates, number of attempts for device insertion and intubation, and any complications. The primary outcome is the time taken for fiberoptic-guided intubation. Safety and effectiveness will be evaluated throughout the study period, which runs until April 2026.

Researchers are evaluating the levels of pro-resolution mediators, which are substances that help resolve inflammation, in people with Stage III and IV periodontitis compared to healthy individuals. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that slowly damages the tissues supporting teeth, possibly leading to tooth loss and other health problems. This study aims to improve understanding of how these mediators affect inflammation and healing during periodontal therapy. The study involves a non-surgical periodontal therapy called professional mechanical plaque control, which includes motivating patients to improve oral hygiene, removing plaque and calculus professionally, adjusting faulty dental restorations, and teaching brushing and interdental cleaning techniques. Participants include those with advanced periodontitis and a control group of healthy patients. The design compares levels of pro-resolution mediators before and after treatment in the periodontitis group and against the healthy controls. Participants will have their gums checked and fluid samples taken at multiple times before treatment, one day, one month, and three months after therapy. Researchers will measure inflammatory markers like lipoxin A4 and other clinical signs such as probing depth, bleeding on probing, plaque levels, attachment loss, and the number of healed pockets. The study uses randomized assignment and triple masking to ensure unbiased results and will last from the start of treatment through three months post-treatment.

Researchers are evaluating the effect of intravenous ketamine combined with spinal anesthesia on the duration of sensory block compared to spinal anesthesia alone in older adults undergoing lower limb surgeries. This study focuses on geriatric patients aged 65 years and above and aims to improve pain relief during and after surgery while minimizing side effects. The trial addresses the need for better adjuvants to spinal anesthesia in elderly patients to enhance block quality and prolong postoperative analgesia. Participants will receive either intravenous ketamine or saline alongside spinal anesthesia using hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5%. The ketamine group receives a 0.2 mgkg dose diluted to 5 ml followed by a continuous infusion of 0.1 mgkghr as a 20 ml solution. The control group receives saline in similar volumes and infusion rates. This randomized, double-blinded trial compares these two approaches during elective lower limb surgeries with patients in the supine position. During the study, researchers will monitor the duration of two-segment sensory regression after spinal block delivery as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes include total sensory block duration, motor block duration, and the time until the first request for rescue analgesia within 24 hours post spinal block. Participants will be assessed for motor and sensory function using standard methods, and safety will be observed throughout the perioperative period. The trial is led by Cairo University and is planned to conclude in August 2026.