Mekele

This research aims to investigate whether involving families as key partners in newborn care units can improve the outcomes of preterm and low-birth-weight babies in resource-limited settings in Northern Ethiopia. The study uses a quasi-experimental design to compare outcomes such as length of hospital stay between babies whose families receive the Family Integrated Newborn Care FINC intervention and those receiving standard care. The goal is to see if this family involvement makes a meaningful difference in neonatal health. The study has two groups one where families of preterm and low-birth-weight neonates receive the FINC intervention, which includes training, mentoring, and education to actively participate in the babys care, along with some modifications in the neonatal care unit to support family integration. The comparison group receives conventional care without special family integration efforts. The intervention uses audio-visual materials in the local language and bedside training to support family engagement. Participants include neonates aged 0-28 days admitted to level-2 neonatal care units and accompanied by at least one parent who can spend up to 8 hours per day with the baby. Researchers will monitor hospital stay length, survival at discharge, daily weight gain, breastfeeding initiation, skin-to-skin contact timing, antibiotic use, parental stress levels, and readiness for discharge during the first 28 days of life. The study will assess both neonatal and parental outcomes to understand the impact of family integration in newborn care.

Researchers are conducting a multicenter, prospective observational study to determine how often complications occur in the post-anesthesia care unit PACU and to identify factors linked to these complications. The study focuses on surgical patients recovering from anesthesia in Ethiopia and will compare findings with data from a hospital in Spain. Understanding these complications and their causes can help improve patient care and safety in the perioperative period. The study will include adult patients admitted to PACUs after surgery under general, regional, or monitored anesthesia at four hospitals. Researchers will monitor patients for complications such as lung problems, blood flow issues, temperature changes, or pain using questionnaires and physical exams. The study runs from February 15, 2025, to June 30, 2025, and collects data for analysis without altering patient treatment. Participants will be observed for up to eight hours after surgery in the PACU, during which their health status and any complications will be recorded. Data collection involves physical exams and questionnaires to track complications and associated factors. The research aims to provide valuable insights to healthcare providers and policymakers to enhance PACU care and patient safety in these settings.

Researchers are evaluating whether taking azithromycin as a preventive treatment can reduce the risk of death in adults with advanced HIV disease. This is a Phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving multiple centers. The study aims to understand if azithromycin prophylaxis can lower mortality compared to a placebo in this vulnerable population. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either an oral azithromycin tablet or a matching placebo tablet once daily for 28 days. After this treatment period, they will be followed for 24 weeks to measure the main outcome of all-cause mortality. The total study participation will last 48 weeks to monitor both short-term and longer-term effects. During the study, participants will undergo assessments to track survival and hospitalizations at 12 and 24 weeks after starting the treatment. Researchers will closely monitor health outcomes and any hospital stays to evaluate the impact of azithromycin prophylaxis. Safety and adherence will be followed throughout the trial to ensure accurate measurement of results.