Okara

Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain without any pelvic abnormalities, causing lower abdominal and back pain before, during, or after menstruation. It affects many women and can cause pain, fatigue, and reduced quality of life. This research investigates how aerobic exercises compare to Jacobsons progressive relaxation technique in managing these symptoms for young women aged 17 to 24 with mild primary dysmenorrhea. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. Both groups receive core muscle strengthening as a baseline treatment. Group A will perform aerobic exercises three times a week, including warm-up, dynamic stretches, and aerobic workout lasting about 45 minutes, excluding menstruation days. Group B will practice Jacobsons progressive relaxation technique three times a week, focusing on muscle tightening and relaxing sequences combined with deep breathing, lasting 20 to 30 minutes. The treatment lasts for 8 weeks. Participants will be assessed at the start and after 8 weeks using tools measuring pain, fatigue, and quality of life, including the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Fatigue Assessment Scale, and EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. The study uses double-blind methods and will analyze data with SPSS. The total study period includes treatment and follow-up assessments to evaluate the effects of these interventions on symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea.

Researchers are evaluating and comparing the effects of Global Postural Re-education GPR and National Academy of Sports Medicine NASM based corrective exercises in people with upper cross syndrome UCS. The study aims to find out if there is any difference between these two treatments in reducing pain and disability, improving endurance, and enhancing the cranio-vertebral angle in participants with UCS. Participants will receive treatment three times a week for eight weeks. One group will get Global Postural Re-education combined with routine physiotherapy, involving specific postures and isometric contractions under supervision. The other group will do NASM-based corrective exercises alongside conventional treatment, which includes muscle release, stretching, strengthening, and integration exercises. Assessments will be done before treatment starts, at four weeks, and at the end of the eight weeks. During the study, participants will be evaluated using tests measuring endurance, pain levels, and disability scores from the start to week eight. The cranio-vertebral angle will also be measured to assess posture improvement. These assessments will happen at baseline, week four, and week eight to track changes over time. The goal is to understand how each treatment affects symptoms and posture in UCS.