Wah

Lateral epicondylitis, also known as tennis elbow, is a common elbow injury mainly affecting people who perform repetitive gripping or wrist movements, such as manual laborers. This research aims to compare a multimodal rehabilitation approach against conventional physiotherapy for treating lateral epicondylitis. The study addresses the lack of high-quality evidence on treatment effectiveness and uses a randomized controlled trial design to evaluate outcomes including pain, function, and grip strength. Participants are divided into two groups one receiving multimodal physiotherapy involving cold packs, passive stretching, eccentric exercises, neuromuscular rehabilitation, and joint mobilizations and the other receiving conventional physiotherapy including cold packs, stretching, active range of motion exercises, resisted wrist extension, and joint mobilization. Treatments are applied over an eight-month study period, with assessments conducted before and immediately after interventions. During the study, participants undergo evaluations using tools like a dynamometer to measure grip strength, a visual analogue scale for pain, and the Patient Rated Tennis Elbow Questionnaire to assess function. Data is collected at baseline and right after treatment to analyze changes. The main outcome measured is grip strength after three weeks, with secondary outcomes including pain levels and patient-rated function. Statistical analysis is performed to compare results between groups, helping to establish the benefits of the multimodal rehabilitation protocol.

This research aims to compare the effects of short foot exercises and anti-pronation taping on low back pain linked to hyperpronation of the foot. Low back pain is a common musculoskeletal symptom affecting many people worldwide, caused by factors like poor posture and muscle weakness. The study investigates how abnormal foot mechanics, especially pronated feet, contribute to increased strain on the lower back and reduced range of motion, impacting daily activities. Participants will receive one of two treatments anti-pronation taping combined with conventional therapy or short foot exercises combined with conventional therapy. Anti-pronation taping Low dye taping will be applied three times per week for four weeks, while conventional therapy includes electrical stimulation, flexion exercises, and stretching. The short foot exercises group will perform specific foot strengthening exercises focused on improving arch height and balance, alongside the same conventional therapy schedule. During the study, participants will be evaluated over four weeks for changes in back and foot range of motion using a goniometer, pain levels with the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, foot posture through the Foot Posture Index, and disability with the Oswestry Disability Index. These assessments will help measure the impact of each intervention on pain relief, mobility, and foot alignment. The study is randomized with single masking and led by Riphah International University, lasting until August 2025.