Saint Paul

Researchers are evaluating the use of digital tools in dentistry to improve the detection of dental conditions such as dental caries, plaque, and periodontitis in adults. The study compares the performance of traditional clinical and radiographic examinations performed by practitioners with examinations based on imaging results obtained from digital devices like intraoral scanners, panoramic radiography, and Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). This observational, descriptive, multicenter study builds on prior research to better understand the advantages of digital imaging in dental care. The study involves a single visit where participating patients undergo a standard oral examination that includes clinical assessment and imaging using digital tools like intraoral scanners and panoramic radiography. CBCT scans may be used when medically justified. These digital tools provide 3D images that may help improve the accuracy and efficiency of dental evaluations. No additional or experimental procedures are introduced, and all imaging methods are commonly used in dental practices. During the visit, dental surgeons will collect clinical and imaging data, including measurements of decayed, missing, or filled teeth using the DMFT index, both clinically and from intraoral scan images. Patients receive information about the study beforehand and may take up to seven days to decide on participation. The study assesses the quality and completeness of dental data collected through these methods to support better diagnosis and treatment planning in routine dental care.

Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNECs) of the lung are rare and aggressive tumors included with small-cell lung cancers in a subgroup of high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Diagnosing LCNEC is challenging, and the prognosis for advanced cases is poor, with survival typically around 8 to 10 months. Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of combining durvalumab with etoposide and platinum-based chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for advanced LCNEC, based on promising results from related lung and digestive cancer studies. Participants receive treatment with durvalumab combined with etoposide and either carboplatin or cisplatin. The treatment starts with an induction phase consisting of 4 cycles every 3 weeks for 12 weeks, followed by a maintenance phase with durvalumab every 4 weeks for up to 24 months. This open-label, multicenter phase II study uses an external control arm for comparison and aims to assess both efficacy and safety. Throughout the study, participants will undergo regular medical evaluations including imaging scans and laboratory tests to monitor disease progression and treatment effects. The primary outcome measured is the progression-free rate at 12 months. Safety and tolerability will also be monitored. Patients will be followed closely during treatment and maintenance phases, with scheduled visits every few weeks over a period extending up to two years.

Researchers are evaluating the potential benefits of a respiratory training program called cardiac coherence (CC) in patients who have acute stress disorder following a traumatic event. The study aims to determine if using this method can prevent the development of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after three months. This pilot study also seeks to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the program for patients. Each patient will learn how to use cardiac coherence during an inclusion visit with a trained practitioner. Patients will receive a respiratory guide on a smartphone and a diary to help track their adherence to the program. The training will be done alongside standard care and continue for three months. Participants will be involved in monitoring their use of the program through diaries and smartphone guidance. Researchers will measure the proportion of patients who do not develop PTSD three months after starting the program. The study includes safety monitoring and aims to provide important knowledge about this complementary approach to managing acute stress disorder after trauma.

People with mental disorders tend to smoke more than the general population, which partly causes significant health differences and shorter life expectancy by 10 to 25 years. This gap is mainly due to heart and lung diseases, including bronchial cancers. Despite their motivation to quit, smoking is often overlooked or tolerated in psychiatric care, making quitting harder due to stronger withdrawal symptoms. This research evaluates a new intervention called "Tabapsy," designed with input from patients, mental health professionals, and general practitioners to support smoking cessation in adults receiving outpatient psychiatric care. The Tabapsy intervention includes a campaign to promote quitting smoking and a structured support program with multiple components: a general information meeting to boost motivation, an assessment workshop to personalize cessation plans, five thematic workshops covering treatments, emotional management, weight control, physical activity, and manual activities, plus peer support groups to encourage mutual help. A dedicated facilitator runs the program in psychiatric medical psychological centers (CMPs), supplemented by a website with resources. The study compares this intervention to usual care practices regarding smoking cessation in a cluster-randomized controlled trial involving psychiatric sectors in France. Participants are regular smokers aged 18 or older who receive outpatient psychiatric care at participating centers. They will complete questionnaires online at the start, and again at 3 and 6 months, covering smoking habits, nicotine dependence, motivation, use of quitting aids, mental and physical well-being, and knowledge about smoking. The main outcome is short-term smoking cessation lasting at least 7 days at 3 months. Secondary goals include assessing cost-effectiveness and how well the intervention is implemented. A total of 6,250 participants will be enrolled over 12 months across 22 sectors.

This research aims to evaluate how music therapy combined with standard care affects psychological pain in patients experiencing suicidal thoughts or who have survived a suicide attempt. The study compares this approach to standard care alone to understand its impact on reducing psychological distress in these patients. Participants in the music therapy group will engage in four sessions using the Music Care tool, each lasting 30 minutes over a 48-hour period. Standard care includes medical and paramedical interviews of 20 to 30 minutes, followed by prescriptions for benzodiazepine anxiolytics and/or hypnotics, and hospitalization. Patients are regularly interviewed during their hospital stay to monitor psychological status. Throughout the study, psychological pain is measured using an analogical visual scale before and after each music therapy session. The primary outcome is the change in psychological pain 48 hours after inclusion. Patients remain hospitalized for 48 to 60 hours with ongoing assessments to track changes in their mental health and treatment effects.

Researchers are evaluating the feasibility of a peer-led contraceptive education program delivered via social networks to high school students aged 15 to 19 in La Réunion and Guadeloupe. The study aims to assess whether this program can be successfully implemented and accepted by students, focusing on knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to sexual and reproductive health. This before-and-after pilot study also explores the adoption, acceptability, and fidelity of the educational content shared by trained peer influencers. The study involves training selected peer influencers among vocational high school students to create educational videos and messages about contraception, which will be shared on social networks. All participants will view these materials during a three-month period. The interventions include the creation of the education program, delivery via social networks, and completion of surveys and questionnaires to assess knowledge and satisfaction with the program. Participants will take part in focus groups to share their views on peer education and complete questionnaires before and after the program to measure changes in sexual health knowledge. Researchers will track the commitment rate of peer influencers as the primary outcome over up to 15 months. The study also monitors program adoption and effectiveness through participant feedback and self-reported changes in knowledge and attitudes.