Andong

Researchers are studying patients with type 2 diabetes to identify the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD during regular clinical care. The study also aims to evaluate how useful a combination therapy of Dapagliflozin and Pioglitazone is in managing these patients. This observational study is sponsored by Boryung Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd and focuses on real-world treatment effects. Participants are patients with type 2 diabetes who are beginning treatment with a fixed-dose combination of Dapagliflozin and Pioglitazone at the start of the study. The study monitors these patients over time without assigning different interventions or placebo groups, observing the natural course and treatment outcomes. Participants will be assessed for NAFLD risk using a simple scoring system at the start of the study. The main measurement is the percentage of patients who have a high risk score for NAFLD. Researchers will collect clinical data and follow patients health during their routine care to understand the relationship between type 2 diabetes, treatment, and liver health. The total duration and specific visit schedules are not detailed.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness and safety of clopidogrel for preventing major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients who have subclinical coronary atherosclerosis detected by imaging but do not need revascularization therapy. This study focuses on primary prevention in these patients, who are at increased risk of heart attacks or cardiac death compared to those without coronary atherosclerosis. The study is a phase 4 interventional trial sponsored by Seoul National University Hospital. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group will take clopidogrel 75mg once daily for at least five years. The other group will not receive any antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy for at least five years, unless medically needed during follow-up, in which case medication may be prescribed with reporting to the research board. This long-term treatment period aims to assess the prevention of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. During the study, participants will be monitored for major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, including heart attacks, strokes, and deaths, at two and five years after the last participant enrolls. Researchers will also track bleeding events and other clinical outcomes. Participants will provide informed consent and undergo assessments related to their cardiovascular health over the course of the study, which continues until the end date in 2031.