Andong

This research aims to identify the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes within a clinical practice setting. It also evaluates the clinical usefulness of a combination therapy using dapagliflozin and pioglitazone. The study focuses on understanding how this combination treatment may relate to NAFLD risk among these patients. Participants who have type 2 diabetes and are scheduled to start a fixed-dose combination of dapagliflozin and pioglitazone at the study's beginning (visit 1) will be observed. This prospective cohort study follows these participants as they receive the combination therapy, monitoring its effects and usefulness in a real-world clinical environment. During the study, researchers will assess the percentage of subjects who have a high-risk score (score of 8 or more) for NAFLD using a simple NAFLD score measured at baseline (visit 1). Participants will provide consent and be monitored for outcomes related to NAFLD risk and treatment effects. The study includes follow-up to evaluate the clinical impact of the combination therapy on NAFLD risk in type 2 diabetes patients.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most prevalent and lethal disease worldwide. Even though various studies have been performed regarding the prevention or treatment of CAD and its related cardiovascular events, the prevalence of CAD and the incidence of cardiovascular events are increasing. Antiplatelet agents are among the most widely used drugs for preventing cardiovascular events. The efficacy of antiplatelet agents has been extensively proven in secondary prevention for cardiovascular events in CAD patients, and their use has been recommended in current guidelines. However, there is still controversy surrounding the prescription of antiplatelet agents for the primary prevention of cardiovascular events in CAD patients due to their unknown clear efficacy and risk of bleeding complications. Recent studies reported the limited efficacy of aspirin in old patients, diabetes patients, or patients with cardiovascular events risks. However, the efficacy or safety of antiplatelet therapy in patients with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis has not been thoroughly investigated. These patients are at higher risk of cardiac death or myocardial infarction compared to patients without coronary atherosclerosis. In this regard, the investigators will evaluate the efficacy and safety of clopidogrel for primary prevention in patients diagnosed with coronary atherosclerosis on imaging that did not require revascularization therapy.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and effectiveness of toripalimab alone or combined with tifcemalimab as consolidation therapy in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) who have not experienced disease progression after chemoradiotherapy. This Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-regional study investigates these investigational treatments that are not yet approved for LS-SCLC in any country. Participants will receive one of three treatments every three weeks: toripalimab injection (240 mg), tifcemalimab injection (200 mg), or matching placebos. These treatments are given following completion of chemoradiotherapy, which includes chemotherapy with carboplatin or cisplatin plus etoposide and radiation therapy. Investigational treatment must begin within 42 days after the last chemotherapy dose. During the study, participants will be closely monitored for overall survival up to three years and progression-free survival up to two years. Researchers will assess treatment safety, disease status, organ function, and performance status. Participants must agree to follow all study procedures, including follow-up visits and evaluations throughout the study period.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness and safety of a new drug called tegoprazan, a potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB), compared to a standard proton pump inhibitor (PPI), rabeprazole, for protecting against upper gastrointestinal (GI) events in patients with heart and vascular diseases who are at high risk of GI bleeding and are taking antithrombotic medications. This Phase 4 study aims to see if tegoprazan is not worse than rabeprazole in reducing GI events over a 12-month period after randomization. The study begins with a safety surveillance phase including 300 patients taking tegoprazan 50 mg daily for 6 months to monitor specific adverse events related to the liver, hormone levels, and infections. If no safety concerns arise, a larger randomized, double-blind trial of 3,100 patients will follow, comparing once-daily tegoprazan 50 mg with rabeprazole 20 mg, each with matching placebos, over 12 months. Participants will be assigned to one of the two treatment groups to assess the protection against GI bleeding and ulcer disease. Participants will be monitored throughout the study for any upper GI clinical events, with the primary outcome being the time until the first GI event during the 12-month treatment. Researchers will also evaluate safety by tracking liver function, hormone levels, and infections. Patients will be closely observed for any side effects or adverse events related to the treatments, and data from the initial safety phase will not be included in the main analysis. The study involves regular assessments to ensure thorough safety and effectiveness evaluation over the one-year treatment period.