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Researchers are investigating whether regular radiological assessments during follow-up after surgery for high-risk malignant melanoma improve patient survival. The study addresses concerns about the resource demands, potential radiation exposure, and anxiety caused by such imaging, especially given the recent introduction of effective medical treatments for melanoma. There is currently no clear evidence supporting routine imaging in this context. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group follows national guidelines with regular doctor appointments for 3 years, while the other group receives the same follow-up plus additional whole-body CT or PET scans and blood tests at baseline, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. An interim analysis will be done after 1,000 patients enroll. During the study, researchers will monitor overall survival at 5 years as the primary outcome. They will also assess quality of life through questionnaires over the 3-year follow-up. Participants will attend scheduled visits for clinical evaluations, imaging, and blood tests, with the study aiming to provide clear evidence about the role of imaging in post-surgical melanoma care.

Researchers are evaluating the impact of two different guidelines for monitoring labor progress on neonatal and maternal outcomes. The study compares the World Health Organizations Labour Care Guide LCG with standard delivery care in Sweden. The goal is to see if using the LCG can reduce adverse neonatal outcomes and lower the rate of intrapartum Cesarean sections. This study uses a multicenter, stepped-wedge cluster randomized design to explore these effects along with economic considerations and experiences related to childbirth. Participants will receive labor monitoring either according to the WHOs LCG guidelines or standard care. The study will involve multiple delivery units in Sweden, and women in active labor will be randomly assigned to either group as the new guidelines are gradually introduced. Alongside the main study periods, researchers will examine perinatal interventions, labor complications, and collect qualitative data through questionnaires, focus groups, and interviews with women, their partners, and healthcare providers. During participation, women and their partners will be asked about their childbirth experiences, while providers compliance and views on using the LCG will also be assessed. The study will track outcomes such as perinatal mortality, neonatal morbidity, cesarean section rates, and obstetric events like postpartum hemorrhage and labor duration. Data collection and follow-up will occur from 12 weeks up to 18 months after delivery, including economic evaluations and provider experiences to fully understand the effects of the labor monitoring methods.

Researchers are studying complications after closing a temporary loop ileostomy in patients who had surgery for rectal cancer. The study aims to answer two main questions whether the choice of anastomotic method affects recovery after surgery, and if using a mesh to close the stoma site can reduce hernias. This is a prospective randomized trial involving multiple centers to explore these surgical techniques. Participants are randomly assigned to receive either a stapled anastomosis using a linear staple device or a hand-sewn anastomosis with a running monofilament suture. Additionally, there is an optional randomization to close the stoma site either with a lightweight mesh placed under the muscle or with a long-lasting suture. The skin and fascia are closed with running monofilament sutures, including a pursestring technique for the skin. During the study, researchers will monitor participants for postoperative bowel obstruction within 30 days and for stoma site hernias over 2 years. They will also assess other complications and hospital stay length within 30 days. Participants will undergo follow-up visits to evaluate these outcomes and ensure proper recovery. The total participation timeline includes short-term and long-term monitoring to capture relevant surgical results.

Researchers are investigating how different levels of physical activity, measured objectively, relate to health outcomes in patients who have had a type 1 myocardial infarction. The study aims to explore links between activities of varying intensity, sedentary time, and the risk of major cardiovascular events after a heart attack, as well as how changes in physical activity over time affect these outcomes. Participants in this observational study will be asked to wear an accelerometer device on their right hip during waking hours for seven consecutive days at two follow-up visits2 months and 1 year after hospital discharge. They will also keep a diary recording their wear time and working hours if applicable. About 4000 patients aged 18 to 79 diagnosed with myocardial infarction are expected to be included, and the study will analyze the dose-response relationship between accelerometer data and clinical outcomes. Throughout the study, participants will attend cardiac rehabilitation follow-up visits and provide accelerometer and diary data. Researchers will assess outcomes such as major adverse cardiovascular events, including heart failure, stroke, death, and coronary revascularization, at 1 and 3 years after the initial cardiac event. The study will monitor these outcomes while participants continue their usual care, with a total follow-up period extending to 3 years after the heart attack.