Uskudar

Researchers are evaluating whether transcranial photobiomodulation t-PBM, a light-based brain therapy, can improve memory and thinking skills in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment aMCI. This condition involves memory problems greater than normal aging and may increase the risk of Alzheimers disease. The study also aims to see if t-PBM changes how brain areas communicate, especially within the default mode network DMN. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either active t-PBM or a sham inactive version, both combined with cognitive training. Each participant will take part in eight 20-minute sessions where the device is placed on the head during cognitive exercises. The active device delivers near-infrared light at gamma frequency, while the sham device looks and sounds the same but does not emit therapeutic light. The cognitive rehabilitation program involves pen-and-paper tasks targeting attention, memory, executive function, and language, with difficulty increasing over sessions. Participants will provide a blood sample for genetic testing and undergo brain fMRI scans before and after the 4-week intervention to measure brain connectivity changes. They will also complete cognitive tests and meet with a dietitian at the start and end of the study to monitor diet stability. Researchers will measure changes in cognitive abilities using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment MoCA and changes in brain network connectivity using resting-state fMRI. The study includes monitoring of genetic factors to explore how they might influence treatment responses.

Researchers are investigating how different ultrasound measurements relate to the level of tactile sensation in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome CTS, a common nerve compression condition. The study focuses on patients with mild to moderate CTS diagnosed through electrodiagnostic tests. It aims to understand how ultrasound parameters used in diagnosis connect to sensory complaints, such as numbness and sensory loss, which affect daily hand use. The study involves diagnostic tests including nerve conduction studies that measure sensory and motor responses in the upper limbs, median nerve ultrasound to assess nerve size and characteristics, and tactile sensory tests to evaluate sensory function. These assessments will help explore the relationship between ultrasound findings and the level of sensory disturbance in patients with CTS. Participants will undergo various evaluations over three months, including ultrasound scans of the median nerve and sensory tests like two-point discrimination and the Semmes Weinstein test. Questionnaires on symptom severity and quality of life will also be completed. The research team will monitor these outcomes to better understand sensory changes in CTS and their association with ultrasound measures.

This research evaluates the long-term safety and effectiveness of pembrolizumab in participants with advanced tumors or hematologic malignancies who have previously taken part in Merck pembrolizumab-based studies. This phase 3 extension study includes participants currently on treatment or in follow-up from parent trials. The study has three phases based on participants prior treatment status First Course Phase, Survival Follow-up Phase, and Second Course Phase, allowing continuation or observation depending on prior participation. Participants receive pembrolizumab alone or combined with other treatments such as standard of care therapies, lenvatinib, olaparib, MK-4280, MK-4280A, or pembrolizumab with berahyaluronidase alfa. Dosing schedules vary by phase and regimen, including intravenous infusions of pembrolizumab every 3 or 6 weeks, oral lenvatinib capsules daily, oral olaparib tablets twice daily, and other biologics administered intravenously or subcutaneously. The study allows up to 35 doses in the First Course Phase and fewer doses in the Second Course Phase, with treatment durations adjusted for crossover eligibility and combination therapies. Participants are monitored through regular treatment visits involving drug administration and follow-up assessments. Researchers evaluate overall survival up to approximately 10 years, along with progression-free survival, event-free survival, and adverse events including serious and clinically significant side effects. The study includes ongoing safety monitoring up to around 40 months post-treatment. Participants remain under observation for long-term outcomes and potential treatment effects for many years after enrollment.

Researchers are conducting an observational study to screen adults aged 18 and over who visit hospital outpatient clinics in Turkey for malnutrition and sarcopenia risks. The study focuses on patients attending oncology, neurology, and geriatric clinics to better understand these conditions across diverse patient groups. This non-interventional, cross-sectional design means participants are observed without receiving experimental treatments. Participants are screened once during their outpatient visit without any study treatments or interventions. The study collects information on malnutrition risk, sarcopenia risk, body mass index, calf circumference, hand grip strength, biochemical parameters, healthcare use, and nutrition treatments. Data is gathered on the screening day only. During the study visit, researchers will assess physical and biochemical measures to evaluate nutrition and muscle health. Participants provide informed consent before any assessments. The study measures malnutrition and sarcopenia risks as primary outcomes on the first day and includes several secondary measures related to body composition and healthcare use. The study will continue enrolling participants until April 2027.

Researchers are evaluating whether a new medicine called PF-08634404, given with chemotherapy, works better than the current standard treatment of pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy for adults with a type of lung cancer known as non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC. This study focuses on participants with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC who are not candidates for surgery or curative chemoradiotherapy and have no known actionable genomic alterations. The study is a Phase 3 randomized trial with double-blind masking to compare these treatments. Participants are assigned to one of two parts based on their tumor type those with squamous NSCLC are in Part 1, and those with non-squamous NSCLC are in Part 2. Each participant is randomly placed into one of two treatment groups the experimental group receives PF-08634404 plus chemotherapy, while the control group receives pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy. Treatments are given through intravenous infusions in cycles, followed by maintenance therapy with either PF-08634404 or pembrolizumab, depending on the part of the study. Participants continue treatment as long as it helps and side effects are manageable. During the study, participants attend regular visits for treatment and health assessments. Cancer response is checked every 6 weeks for the first 48 weeks and then every 12 weeks after that. Researchers monitor overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rates, duration of response, adverse events, lab abnormalities, and quality of life measures. The study includes detailed tracking of drug levels and immune responses. Participation may last up to approximately 39 months, with continuous safety and effectiveness monitoring.

Researchers are evaluating new teaching methods to improve nursing students skills in urinary catheterization, a common but complex procedure that can lead to serious infections if done incorrectly. This study compares the Pecha Kucha presentation style, known for its concise and timed slides, with traditional demonstration and no additional training to see which method better enhances students knowledge and practical abilities. All participating students first attend a theoretical course that includes a lecture and an educational video on catheterization. Afterward, they study materials independently at home. One week later, before their lab practice, they are randomly assigned to one of three groups one receives a Pecha Kucha presentation, another a traditional instructor-led demonstration on a mannequin, and the last group receives no extra training before performing the procedure. Participants skill performance is assessed immediately after the training, including the time taken to complete the procedure and their satisfaction with the educational experience. The study aims to identify which teaching approach offers the most effective learning and skill development during nursing education, with all activities and evaluations completed within a short timeframe after the interventions.

Researchers are evaluating how well ultrasound imaging can detect damage to the radial nerve in patients with broken upper arm bones humeral shaft fractures. Some patients have weakness or paralysis in their hand and wrist caused by radial nerve injury. The study compares patients with and without these nerve problems to see if early ultrasound scans can accurately identify nerve damage before surgery. All patients will receive standard treatment, including surgery to fix the broken bone. Those who have nerve problems will have the nerve examined during surgery. High-resolution ultrasound scans of the radial nerve will be performed within 48 hours of admission to assess nerve continuity and damage type. The ultrasound results will be compared to what surgeons find during the operation. Participants will be closely followed for 12 months after surgery to monitor nerve recovery, bone healing, and any complications. Researchers will assess the accuracy of the ultrasound in detecting nerve continuity before surgery and track the functional recovery of motor and sensory nerve function at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. This long-term monitoring aims to improve early diagnosis and management of nerve injuries in arm fractures using non-invasive ultrasound scans.