Potomac

Researchers are evaluating the effect of a triple therapy inhaler called BGF MDI containing budesonide, glycopyrronium, and formoterol fumarate compared with a dual therapy inhaler called GFF MDI containing glycopyrronium and formoterol fumarate in people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) who have a higher risk of heart and lung problems. This Phase III randomized, double-blind, parallel group study takes place at multiple centers and focuses on cardiopulmonary outcomes in these patients. Participants receive either the BGF MDI 320/14.4/9.6 micrograms twice daily or the GFF MDI 14.4/9.6 micrograms twice daily. The treatments are inhaled using metered dose inhalers. The study compares these two therapies over time to see how they affect the time until the first severe heart or lung event occurs. The study design ensures that neither participants nor researchers know which treatment is given to reduce bias. During the study, participants will have regular visits to the study site or virtual visits to complete assessments. Researchers will monitor lung function, symptoms, and blood tests, including blood eosinophil counts and COPD assessment test scores. The main outcome measured is the time to the first severe cardiac or COPD event, with follow-up lasting up to three years. Safety and adherence to treatment will also be closely observed throughout the study period.

Researchers are conducting a Phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of tezepelumab in adults aged 40 to 80 years with moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Participants must have experienced at least two moderate or one severe COPD exacerbations in the year before joining and be receiving inhaled maintenance therapy. The study focuses on adults who continue to experience symptoms despite current treatments and aims to assess the impact of tezepelumab on COPD exacerbations. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive monthly subcutaneous injections of either one of two doses of tezepelumab or a placebo. Treatment will last for a minimum of 52 weeks and may extend up to 76 weeks. After the treatment period, there will be a 12-week safety follow-up phase to monitor participants after stopping the study drug. The study compares tezepelumab to placebo to determine its efficacy and safety over this extended period. During the study, participants will undergo regular assessments to monitor their COPD status and any exacerbations. The main outcome measured is the annual rate of moderate or severe COPD exacerbations from the start of treatment through up to 76 weeks. Safety and tolerability will also be closely monitored throughout the treatment and follow-up periods. This long-term involvement ensures comprehensive data on how tezepelumab affects COPD progression and exacerbation frequency.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and effectiveness of AZD2373 in adults aged 18 to 65 diagnosed with APOL1-Mediated Kidney Disease (AMKD) who carry specific high-risk APOL1 genotypes (G1 and G2). This Phase 2b study aims to see if AZD2373 can reduce the urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) more than a placebo by the 30th week of treatment. Participants must have significant kidney involvement as indicated by UACR and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels. The study is designed as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with multiple treatment groups. The study includes three treatment arms: two different doses of AZD2373 and a placebo, all delivered via accessorized pre-filled syringes as injections. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of these groups and neither they nor the study staff will know their assignment during the trial. Treatment will last for a minimum of 30 weeks, continuing until the last participant completes this period. The study also uses a specialized APOL1 genotyping test to confirm participants' eligibility based on their genetic profile. Participants will undergo screening with urine tests to confirm UACR levels and blood tests for kidney function before joining. During the study, researchers will monitor changes in UACR from baseline to week 30 to assess treatment effects. Safety and tolerability will also be closely observed throughout the treatment period. Around 96 participants will be enrolled, with about 32 in each group, and all will be followed until the last participant completes the 30 weeks of treatment.

Researchers are evaluating surgical and minimally invasive treatments for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) by comparing Medicare patients who received the MILD procedure against those who had interspinous process decompression (IPD). The study focuses on outcomes such as the rate of harms related to the initial procedure and the frequency of additional surgical or minimally invasive interventions within 24 months after treatment. Enrollment includes patients treated from January 1, 2017, onward, with continuation until the sponsor decides to stop. The MILD procedure involves percutaneous image-guided lumbar decompression, performed under fluoroscopy through a dorsal approach to partially remove tissue and bone at the affected spinal level. The control group receives the IPD procedure for LSS. Both groups are monitored for a 24-month period post-index procedure using Medicare claims data to track reoperations and any harms. Participants contribute data through Medicare claims without needing prior enrollment or consent, as the study is exempt from IRB oversight. Researchers collect and analyze information on procedure-related harms and subsequent interventions over two years. This approach allows evaluation of long-term safety and effectiveness outcomes for patients treated with either MILD or IPD.

Researchers are evaluating the effects of baxdrostat combined with dapagliflozin compared to dapagliflozin alone in adults aged 40 and older who have type 2 diabetes, established cardiovascular disease, a history of hypertension with systolic blood pressure of at least 130 mmHg at screening, and at least one additional risk factor for heart failure. This Phase III randomized, placebo-controlled, event-driven study aims to determine if the combination reduces the risk of heart failure events or cardiovascular death, with follow-up lasting up to 38 months. Participants who meet screening criteria but are not currently treated with SGLT2 inhibitors or have been treated for less than 4 weeks will enter a run-in period receiving dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily for 4 to 6 weeks before randomization. The study involves random assignment to either baxdrostat plus dapagliflozin or placebo plus dapagliflozin. Site visits occur at approximately 2, 4, 8, 16, and 34 weeks after randomization, then every 4 months. Participants discontinuing the blinded study drug may continue open-label dapagliflozin, with ongoing visits and data collection as per protocol. Participants will undergo an optional pre-screening period without site visits or consent to help identify eligibility, followed by up to 14 days of formal screening after informed consent. Researchers will monitor heart failure events and cardiovascular deaths as primary outcomes. Safety and adherence will be tracked throughout the study, including during any premature discontinuation of blinded treatment. The study will conclude when a predetermined number of secondary endpoint events have occurred, with continued follow-up as needed.

Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness and safety of AZD5148, a monoclonal antibody, to prevent the recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection in adults aged 18 years and older. This Phase IIb clinical trial involves about 230 participants who have recently experienced a qualifying episode of C. difficile infection and have been treated with standard antibacterial drugs. The study aims to understand how well AZD5148 can reduce the chance of the infection returning. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive a single dose of either AZD5148 or a placebo (normal saline). The medication will be given either as an intramuscular injection or an intravenous push, depending on the investigator's choice. The study includes up to two visits for eligibility confirmation and dose administration, including stool sample collection, followed by up to seven planned visits and weekly then monthly follow-ups conducted by site staff. Participants will also complete an electronic diary during the study. Throughout the study, participants will undergo various assessments including stool testing to monitor for infection recurrence, with the main outcome measured being the first recurrence of C. difficile infection within 91 days after treatment. The study staff will maintain regular contact with participants to monitor safety and track adherence. The total duration of participation includes the initial dose administration and the follow-up period of about three months to assess infection recurrence and safety.