Fort Atkinson

Researchers are evaluating the impact of real-time audio-video telemedicine consultations with a neonatologist, called teleneonatology, on early health outcomes of at-risk newborns delivered in community hospitals. This study uses a stepped wedge cluster randomized design to compare early mortality, morbidity, and delivery room care between neonates receiving teleneonatology support and those receiving usual care. The trial is led by Mayo Clinic and focuses on newborns facing significant resuscitation needs shortly after birth. The study involves two groups: one where at-risk neonates receive care from the community hospital team with telemedicine support from a neonatologist located at a regional neonatal intensive care unit, and a control group where neonates receive the hospital's usual care without telemedicine consultation. The telemedicine connection allows real-time, two-way audio and video communication during advanced neonatal resuscitations. The study includes neonates born preterm under 32 weeks or requiring advanced resuscitation interventions such as prolonged positive pressure ventilation, alternative airway placement, or chest compressions. Participants include clinicians attending newborn resuscitations and eligible neonates born at participating community hospitals. Researchers will monitor outcomes including mortality within 7 days, early neonatal morbidity, combined mortality and morbidity, and the highest level of resuscitation given in the delivery room within the first hour. The study tracks these outcomes to assess the effect of teleneonatology on newborn health during this critical early period. The total study duration extends through May 2029.