Which Trauma Severity Score (ISS, NISS, RTS, or TRISS) Best Predicts Mortality in Trauma Patients? A Prospective Observational Study

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are evaluating which trauma severity scoring system best predicts mortality among trauma patients admitted to the trauma and emergency department at Kadhimiya Educational Hospital in Baghdad. This prospective cohort study compares the Injury Severity Score (ISS), New Injury Severity Score (NISS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS), and Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) to determine their accuracy and effectiveness in predicting patient outcomes, including mortality, across different trauma patient groups. Participants will be assessed using all four trauma scoring systems within 12 hours of arrival to the emergency room. The study focuses on trauma patients with sufficient injury data to calculate ISS and NISS scores. Researchers will monitor clinical outcomes such as mortality, hospital length of stay, ICU admissions, and surgical interventions throughout the hospital stay, which averages about 7 days until discharge. During the study, patient data including trauma scores and clinical outcomes will be collected and analyzed to compare the predictive utility of each scoring system. The primary outcome is in-hospital mortality, while secondary outcomes include length of hospitalization, ICU admission rates, and surgical intervention frequency. Participants or their legal guardians provide informed consent, and the study excludes non-trauma cases, those under 18, pregnant women, and patients with incomplete records or participation conflicts. The study runs from January 2025 to December 2025.

Mortality Prediction Using Trauma Scores