Comparison of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Versus Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery for Kidney Stones Measuring 1 to 2 Centimeters

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are evaluating treatments for patients with kidney stones measuring between 1 and 2 centimeters. The study compares two common procedures: extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), which uses shock waves from outside the body to break stones into small pieces, and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS), a minimally invasive surgery using a flexible scope and laser to fragment the stone. This study aims to find differences in stone clearance, safety, pain, and the need for additional treatments. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. Group A will receive ESWL as an outpatient procedure under sedation, where shock waves are applied at increasing rates up to 3000 shocks per session, along with standard pain relief, hydration advice, and antibiotics. Group B will undergo RIRS under general anesthesia after placement of a ureteral stent 2 to 3 weeks before surgery. During RIRS, a laser breaks the stone and a stent remains in place for three weeks post-surgery. Both groups receive standard care before and after treatment. Participants will be followed for 28 days after their procedure. Researchers will assess stone clearance using CT scans, measure pain levels 24 hours post-procedure, monitor hospital stay length, and watch for blood in the urine or infection signs like fever and raised white cell count. They will also record if further procedures are needed to treat the stone. This data will help guide treatment choices for kidney stones in clinical practice.

Comparison of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy Versus Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery in the Management of Renal Calculi