Dehydration

Researchers are evaluating the effects of furosemide alone compared to furosemide combined with albumin in adult critically ill patients with fluid overload. The study aims to find out if adding albumin improves urine output and kidney function. The primary focus includes measuring urine output at 2 hours and examining changes in kidney blood flow markers and biochemical tests. Secondary measures include blood pressure, electrolyte levels, and kidney resistance patterns. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups: one receives a single intravenous dose of furosemide at 1 mg/kg infused over 30 minutes with a placebo saline infusion, while the other receives the same dose of furosemide combined with 50 grams of 25% albumin infused over 30 minutes. This double-blind trial ensures both groups are treated under similar controlled conditions to compare the treatments effectively. During the study, urine output is measured at 2 hours after treatment administration. Researchers also use bedside ultrasound to assess fluid overload and venous congestion, while monitoring blood pressure, electrolyte changes, and kidney function through blood and urine tests up to 24 hours. The study helps determine whether albumin enhances diuretic response and kidney health in this patient group. Participation lasts through these initial assessments and monitoring periods.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and effectiveness of VBI-S in raising blood pressure in patients suffering from septic shock with absolute or relative hypovolemia. Septic shock is a severe condition caused by infection leading to dangerously low blood pressure that does not improve with standard fluid treatments. This study is a Phase III, open-label, randomized controlled trial sponsored by Vivacelle Bio, aiming to address this urgent medical emergency. Participants will receive treatment with VBI-S, which consists of small particles of specific lipids called micelles and liposomes designed to treat hypotension. The study is randomized and controlled but open-label, meaning both participants and researchers know the treatment given. The Data Safety Monitoring Board will regularly review safety and study data to ensure participant well-being. During the study, participants will be closely monitored through various assessments including measurements of mean arterial pressure, doses of pressor drugs, organ function scores, oxygen levels, serum markers, and survival rates over a 12-month period. The primary outcome is the elevation in average mean arterial pressure. Assessments will help determine how VBI-S affects blood pressure and organ function while ensuring ongoing safety throughout the study duration.

Researchers are evaluating the safety, tolerance, and side effects of brenipatide (LY3537031) in adults with Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Diarrhea (IBS-D). This Phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study aims to compare brenipatide given under the skin with a placebo to assess its safety and effectiveness in treating IBS-D symptoms. The study is sponsored by Eli Lilly and Company and will last approximately 35 weeks. Participants will receive either brenipatide or a placebo via subcutaneous (under the skin) injections. The study includes two groups: one receiving the experimental drug LY3537031 and the other receiving a placebo, both administered in the same way. The treatment period and follow-up will be conducted over several weeks to evaluate the drug's impact on IBS-D symptoms. During the study, participants will record their symptoms daily using an electronic diary, focusing on abdominal pain and stool consistency. The main outcome measured is the percentage of days participants experience a significant improvement in their symptoms during weeks 9 to 16. Researchers will also monitor safety, side effects, and other symptom responses throughout the 24-week period. The study includes careful assessment of IBS-D criteria and symptom severity to evaluate treatment effects over time.

Researchers are evaluating SER-155, an experimental live bacterial therapeutic, as a first treatment option for people experiencing diarrhea due to immunotherapy-related enterocolitis (irEC). The study is a phase 1, open-label trial focused on assessing the safety and initial effectiveness of SER-155 in this group. This research is sponsored by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and aims to find out if SER-155 causes few or mild side effects when used as a first treatment for irEC. Participants with grade 2-3 diarrhea from irEC who have not yet received immunosuppressive therapy for their condition will take SER-155 orally. This therapy consists of 16 unique bacterial strains encapsulated for oral use. The study will monitor participants over time to observe safety and preliminary efficacy, including responses and remission without the need for immunosuppressive drugs at days 15 and 43, as well as tracking the presence of SER-155 strains in stool samples. During the study, participants will be evaluated for treatment-related adverse events for up to one year. Researchers will also assess their clinical response and remission status at specific time points, monitor bacterial strain levels, and record the time to response or remission without immunosuppressive therapy. Participants will provide informed consent and comply with study protocols, including swallowing oral medication and using contraception if applicable. The total participation duration includes assessments up to one year after treatment begins.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and efficacy of centhaquine citrate (LYFAQUIN173), a new drug for treating hypovolemic shock, a serious condition caused by severe blood or fluid loss. This phase IV, prospective, multi-center, open-label study builds on previous findings that centhaquine can improve blood pressure, reduce blood lactate levels, increase cardiac output, and reduce death rates by acting on specific adrenergic receptors to improve blood flow. Participants with hypovolemic shock aged 18 years or older and a systolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or lower at hospital admission will receive centhaquine in addition to standard shock care. Centhaquine is given intravenously at a dose of 0.01 mg/kg body weight over one hour in saline. A second dose may be given if blood pressure remains low, with a maximum of three doses in 24 hours, and treatment can continue for up to two days after enrollment. During hospitalization, participants will be closely monitored and followed until discharge or seven days after enrollment. Researchers will measure safety by tracking adverse events and serious adverse events up to seven days. They will also assess blood pressure, blood lactate, base deficit, time in intensive care, ventilator use, urine output, mortality rates, and organ function scores. Statistical analyses will compare patient outcomes to evaluate centhaquine's effects.

Researchers are evaluating LY3537021 to see how well it controls nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy in adults with cancer. This phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled study aims to assess both the effectiveness and safety of LY3537021 when added to standard antiemetic treatments. Participants are adults who have not previously received chemotherapy and are planned to receive specific chemotherapy drugs. Before chemotherapy, participants receive either LY3537021 or a placebo, both given as a subcutaneous injection. Alongside this, they receive standard of care antiemetic therapies, which may be given orally, intravenously, or through the skin. The chemotherapy drugs used include cisplatin or anthracycline and cyclophosphamide, administered intravenously. The study includes a randomized assignment to one of the two treatment groups and is expected to last about two months for each participant. Participants will be monitored for nausea and vomiting responses up to 120 hours after chemotherapy infusion. Researchers will collect data on complete response rates, nausea levels, and medication use. Pharmacokinetics of LY3537021 will also be assessed during the treatment cycles. Safety will be monitored throughout the study, and participants will be involved until all study parts are completed, with various assessments done at regular intervals.

Bone tumor surgery often leads to significant blood loss, which can cause postoperative anemia and increase the risk of complications and affect long-term survival. Researchers are evaluating the effect of acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) combined with goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) in patients undergoing bone tumor surgery. This study aims to determine if ANH can improve hemoglobin levels after surgery, addressing previous uncertainties about ANH's clinical benefits when fluid management is carefully controlled. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. In the ANH group, blood is drawn after anesthesia and replaced with a fluid to maintain blood volume, followed by GDFT during surgery. In the standard care group, only GDFT is applied throughout the surgery without ANH. The trial carefully monitors fluid management strategies to assess the impact of ANH on patient outcomes. Throughout the study, participants will have their hemoglobin levels measured on the first day after surgery as the primary outcome. Secondary measures include blood loss, blood transfusion rates, fluid volume during surgery, coagulation tests, and infections up to seven days post-surgery. The study includes preoperative assessments, intraoperative monitoring, and postoperative follow-up to evaluate safety and efficacy over the hospital stay period.

Researchers are studying the effects of physical exercise as a treatment for college students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The study aims to see if sprint interval training (SIT) can improve executive functioning skills such as sustained attention and working memory in students with ADHD compared to those without ADHD. This research is exploratory and may lead to larger studies to assess both immediate and long-term benefits of exercise for ADHD, offering a potentially low-cost and low-risk alternative to current treatments. Participants will be college students aged 18 to 29 from the University of Wyoming or Laramie County Community College. They will take part in two in-lab sessions: one involving sprint interval training and one without exercise, with the order randomized. During the exercise session, participants warm up with stretches and low-intensity cycling, then complete eight 20-second high-intensity cycling intervals with rest periods. Cognitive tests assessing attention and working memory are done after each session. Researchers monitor heart rate and perceived exertion to ensure exercise intensity. Throughout the study, participants undergo health screenings to confirm eligibility and safety for exercise. They complete cognitive tasks during each session and fill out mood and ADHD symptom questionnaires the following day. The study measures changes in cognitive test performance between sessions and tracks mood and symptom changes. Data analysis will compare results between ADHD and non-ADHD groups, looking at effects of exercise on executive functioning. Participation lasts about two weeks, including experimental sessions and follow-up assessments.

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide, with increasing concerns about metabolic dysfunction and type 2 diabetes. Research suggests that the hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP), which regulates body fluid balance, may be linked to diabetes risk when water intake is low. This study aims to explore whether increasing water intake with plain water or non-sugar-sweetened beverages can improve hydration, glucose regulation, and cardiovascular health in normal-weight and obese adults. The study involves two groups of adults classified by body mass index (BMI) as normal weight or obese. Participants will follow an 8-week crossover design with periods of habitual fluid intake, low, moderate, and adequate fluid intake using either plain water or non-sugar-sweetened beverages. Fluid intake is controlled by providing drinks and smart water bottles that record intake and send reminders. The study includes a washout period and weekly lab visits for assessments. Participants will attend weekly lab visits after fasting for at least 10 hours. Assessments include hydration biomarkers from urine samples, body composition, blood pressure, cognitive tests, resting metabolic rate, endothelial function via ultrasound, and oral glucose tolerance tests with multiple blood draws. Continuous glucose monitoring will occur throughout the intervention. Mood, sleep quality, diet, and physical activity will also be monitored using questionnaires and wearable devices. The study's main outcomes include measures of vascular function and glucose regulation over the 8 weeks.

The trial investigates how the drugs propranolol and metoprolol affect core body temperature in older adults during extreme heat exposure. It aims to understand why adults over 65 have higher rates of heat-related illness and death, especially since beta blockers are commonly prescribed for cardiovascular conditions in this age group. This is important because previous studies in younger people showed beta blockers affect sweating and blood flow, but their impact on older adults in heat is unknown. Participants will experience 3 hours of heat exposure in a chamber set to 41°C with 40% humidity. They will receive different sequences of propranolol, metoprolol, and placebo in a randomized, double-blind manner to compare effects on their body temperature and sweat rate. The study involves multiple treatment arms rotating these drugs to assess their influence during simulated heat waves. During the study, researchers will continuously measure internal body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure while also tracking whole body sweat rate before and after heat exposure by measuring body mass. The trial focuses on healthy adults aged 65 and older who meet specific health criteria. The total observation lasts through the 3-hour heat exposure, with close monitoring of cardiovascular and thermoregulatory responses to understand drug effects in aging individuals.