Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

Smoking negatively affects many organs and gradually worsens health, especially lung function. It causes mild airway obstruction and slows lung growth, impacting breathing and overall quality of life. This study evaluates balloon-blowing exercises combined with abdominal and lumbar core muscle activation positions to see if they can improve lung function and quality of life in smokers. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups one will perform balloon-blowing exercises with abdominal and lumbar core muscle activation three times a week for four weeks, supervised by a physical therapist. The other group will perform diaphragmatic breathing exercises with the same frequency and duration. Both interventions last four weeks, with measurements taken before and after. Participants will undergo evaluations of lung function including forced vital capacity FVC, forced expiratory volume in one second FEV1, peak expiratory flow PEF, dyspnea levels, oxygen saturation, and quality of life assessments. These measures will be collected at the start and end of the four-week period to monitor changes and effects of the exercises on respiratory health.

Researchers are evaluating the safety of a radiation therapy method called image-guided stereotactic ablative radiation therapy IG-SABR for patients with high-risk centrally located non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC tumors or a single pulmonary oligometastatic lesion. This phase II, non-randomized study focuses on patients whose disease cannot be treated with surgery and aims to assess side effects by monitoring the number and severity of treatment-related toxicities. Patients must meet specific criteria related to tumor and normal tissue radiation doses to be eligible. Treatment involves delivering radiation in 8 sessions fractions, each with a dose of 7.5 Gy, using IG-SABR techniques that carefully target the tumor while respecting dose limits for surrounding normal tissues. The planning allows a minimum dose coverage between 75% and 95% of the planning target volume PTV and 75% to 99% of the gross tumor volume GTV. Respiratory monitoring will be used during treatment, which employs photon beams of 6-10 MV energy. Optional translational sub-studies involve biomarker discovery and protein analysis and are available only at participating centers. Participants will be assessed weekly during treatment and at multiple time points after treatment, including 2, 4, 8 weeks, and then at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 months, followed by annual visits up to 5 years. These evaluations include toxicity monitoring and survival assessments. The main outcome measured is the rate of severe treatment-related toxicity within one year after treatment. The study aims to include 60 evaluable patients and will stop enrolling if excessive severe side effects occur. The study period includes up to 5 years of follow-up for long-term safety and effectiveness outcomes.

Researchers are evaluating 177Lu-RAD204, a radiolabeled antibody targeting PD-L1, in a Phase 01 study involving participants with advanced solid tumors that express PD-L1. The study aims to assess the safety, tolerability, biodistribution, radiation dosimetry, and preliminary anti-tumor effects of this treatment. The main goal is to find the maximum tolerated dose and recommended doses for future studies in participants with cancers such as NSCLC, SCLC, triple-negative breast cancer, melanoma, head and neck cancer, endometrial cancer, and others with specific genetic markers. The study includes a pre-screening period for PD-L1 testing if needed, followed by a screening period lasting up to four weeks. Participants undergo a Phase 0 Imaging Period where a low dose of 177Lu-RAD204 is given to assess imaging quality, safety, and dosimetry over two weeks. This may be followed by a Phase 1 Treatment Period with escalating doses of 177Lu-RAD204 administered in cycles lasting six weeks each. Participants may receive multiple treatment cycles based on clinical benefit and safety evaluations. Dose-limiting toxicity is monitored for six weeks after the first treatment dose, and dosing intervals may be adjusted as agreed by the study team. During the study, participants will have imaging scans, safety evaluations, and laboratory tests to track the distribution and effects of 177Lu-RAD204. Researchers will measure pharmacokinetics, radiation dosimetry, and tumor responses up to 30 weeks. Safety and tolerability are closely monitored throughout. Participants must meet specific health and tumor criteria to join and will be observed for any adverse reactions. The total duration of participation varies depending on treatment response and tolerability.

Researchers are evaluating the safety and effectiveness of a new molecular probe called 18F-FAPI-YQ104, which targets fibroblast activation protein FAP, for early tumor diagnosis. This observational study focuses on patients with lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, neuroendocrine tumors, and thyroid cancer. The goal is to verify how well this probe works in detecting tumors during clinical use. Participants will receive an intravenous injection of the 18F-FAPI-YQ104 probe followed by a PET-CT examination to capture detailed images of tumor lesions. The study will observe the probes uptake in tumor sites, measured by SUVmax values 60 minutes after administration. No additional treatment is given instead, the study monitors the imaging results to assess the probes diagnostic potential. During the study, participants will undergo PET-CT scans and other imaging tests such as CT or MRI. Researchers will evaluate the images to measure tumor activity and probe uptake. Safety assessments include checking kidney and liver function, blood counts, and monitoring for allergic reactions. The study will last from April 2025 to March 2026 and includes adults aged 18 to 75 years who have confirmed tumors and meet health criteria.

Researchers are evaluating the diagnostic value of a new protein-specific probe called 18F-T2 in PETCT imaging for people with solid tumors that are likely to express high levels of CAIX protein. The study will also assess how safe and tolerable the 18F-T2 injection is, as well as measure its radiation dosage. This research is important to better understand how well 18F-T2 can detect these tumors compared to standard imaging techniques. Participants with tumors suspected to express high levels of CAIX will receive an intravenous injection of 18F-T2. About an hour after the injection, PETCT imaging will be performed to capture detailed images of the tumors. Within one week, participants will also undergo a whole-body PETCT scan using 18F-FDG, a commonly used imaging agent, to allow comparison between the two imaging methods. During the study, participants will be monitored for any adverse events within 24 hours after the 18F-T2 injection to evaluate safety and tolerability. Researchers will measure the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 18F-T2 PETCT for detecting CAIX-positive tumors. They will also assess uptake values in tumors on both 18F-T2 and 18F-FDG scans, analyze the correlation between 18F-T2 uptake and CAIX expression in tissue samples, and evaluate radiation dosimetry. The study will continue until one month after completion for outcome assessments.

Researchers are evaluating a new preoperative method using three-dimensional CT scans and virtual resection simulation to predict lung function after surgery in patients with non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC undergoing Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery VATS. This study aims to improve accuracy over traditional methods by accounting for differences in lung ventilation caused by tumors or emphysema. It is a prospective, multi-center, longitudinal cohort study involving 60 patients split evenly between those having lobectomy and segmentectomy. Participants will undergo detailed thin-slice chest CT scans and pulmonary function tests before surgery. Using Synapse 3-D software, doctors will create patient-specific 3-D lung models to simulate the planned lung tissue removal and calculate the fraction of ventilated lung to be resected. After surgery, patients will follow standard VATS procedures. The study includes long-term follow-up with pulmonary function tests at 3, 6, and 12 months and CT scans at 6 and 12 months to observe structural lung changes. During the study, participants will have preoperative assessments, surgery, and several postoperative visits for lung function tests and imaging. Researchers will measure how closely the predicted lung function matches actual results at 3 months, as well as longer-term accuracy at 6 and 12 months. They will also study how well the remaining lung compensates after surgery and the effect of any complications on recovery. The total participation spans about one year after surgery, allowing detailed evaluation of lung function and recovery.

Researchers are developing advanced four-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging 4D-MRI techniques to create detailed, moving images of the lungs and liver in adults. This imaging method produces three-dimensional movies that capture organ motion during breathing, which is important for improving radiation therapy planning for lung and liver cancer patients. The study aims to overcome challenges in current imaging methods to better target tumors that move with respiration. The study includes two main parts technical development of ultra-quality 4D-MRI in healthy volunteers and evaluation of the technique in cancer patients. This involves creating a new MRI pulse sequence and image reconstruction process to achieve high spatial and temporal resolution with minimal motion artifacts. Researchers will compare the new 4D-MRI method to existing imaging and registration techniques in both healthy volunteers and patients with lung or liver tumors undergoing radiation therapy. Participants will undergo a single imaging session lasting up to two hours involving 4D-MRI scans. Healthy volunteers and cancer patients will be assessed to measure image quality and accuracy of motion modeling. The study will monitor how well the 4D-MRI technique captures tumor movement compared to current methods. The total participation time is limited to the imaging session, with no long-term follow-up mentioned.

Researchers are evaluating the use of 68Ga-grazytracer PET imaging to help diagnose pseudoprogression in lung cancer patients after immunotherapy. Pseudoprogression is difficult to distinguish with current clinical methods, which often require follow-up observations that may not meet clinical needs. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of this novel imaging agent, which targets granzyme B to show the activity of cytotoxic T cells in tumor areas. This observational study uses 68Ga-grazytracer PETCT scans to visualize and semi-quantitatively measure granzyme B concentration in lung cancer lesions that have enlarged or developed new lesions after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. The study follows patients for 4-8 weeks, up to a maximum of 12 weeks, to evaluate the diagnostic performance of this imaging method in detecting pseudoprogression. Participants will undergo PETCT imaging and be monitored over the follow-up period to assess changes and outcomes. Researchers will collect data on diagnostic accuracy and safety during this time. The study includes adult lung cancer patients aged 18 to 75 years who meet specific clinical criteria and have a life expectancy of at least six months. Total participation duration varies with the follow-up period, and patient compliance with study requirements is monitored throughout.

Researchers are evaluating the use of 68Ga-grazytracer PETCT imaging to assess early responses to neoadjuvant immunotherapy in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer NSCLC stages IB to IIIA. The study aims to improve noninvasive methods for determining how cancer responds to immunotherapy before surgery. This observational study involves patients who have been clinically staged and meet specific eligibility criteria, including age and health status. Participants receive standardized neoadjuvant immunotherapy every three weeks for three cycles. Patients with nonsquamous NSCLC are treated with pembrolizumab combined with platinum-pemetrexed, while those with squamous NSCLC receive pembrolizumab plus platinum-paclitaxel. 68Ga-grazytracer PETCT scans are performed twice once before treatment begins and again before the third cycle to monitor immune response. During the study, patients will undergo imaging assessments along with pathological evaluations after surgery to determine major pathological response within three weeks post-operation. Researchers focus on comparing imaging responses and PETCT results to the pathological findings. The study also monitors participants performance status and survival expectations, with informed consent obtained before enrollment. The total study duration extends through treatment, surgery, and follow-up assessments to evaluate treatment effects comprehensively.

This research aims to assess how well 68Ga-NK224 positron emission tomographycomputed tomography PETCT can measure PD-L1 expression in primary and metastatic tumors in people with cancer. It compares PETCT imaging results with tissue analysis through histopathology to better understand tumor characteristics. The study focuses on adults diagnosed with malignant tumors and evaluates imaging technology for its diagnostic value. Each participant receives a single intravenous injection of the imaging agent 68Ga-NK224, followed by PETCT scans to capture images of tumors. Tumor uptake is measured using maximum and mean standardized uptake values SUVmax and SUVmean. The PD-L1 expression in the tumors is then confirmed by examining tissue samples. This evaluation helps compare the imaging results with actual tissue findings. Participants undergo the PETCT imaging and tissue analysis, with data collected to assess the agreement between imaging and histopathological results within 30 days. Researchers also evaluate variability in PD-L1 expression within and between tumors. Participants may be followed for up to 30 days to monitor outcomes. The study involves adults aged 18 to 90 years and includes patients with both newly diagnosed and previously treated cancers.