Overall Survival (OS)

Researchers are conducting the 100-Year Human Aging Study, an observational trial designed to follow participants over their lifespans to investigate which health measurements can predict mortality, serious diseases, and functional disability. The study aims to validate many longevity measures that currently lack prospective evidence by tracking physiological, cognitive, social, and environmental factors that change with aging. This research will generate important data to improve understanding of aging and longevity medicine. Participants undergo comprehensive multi-system clinical screenings including tests like cardiopulmonary exercise testing, body composition assessment by DEXA, echocardiography, electrocardiography, spirometry, neurocognitive testing, sensory assessments, metabolic testing, and detailed medical and social histories. The study allows for different levels of participation, from single tests to full two-visit screening batteries, and encourages repeat testing to capture health changes over time. During the study, participants receive individualized reports including investigational estimates of biological age and predicted cause of death. Researchers collect data on mortality, serious health events, chronic diseases, functional ability, and lifestyle changes through periodic follow-up over many years, potentially up to 100 years. This extensive data collection helps evaluate how well these measurements predict aging outcomes. All data are stored in raw form for future analysis and participants are supported with ongoing contact and opportunities for repeat assessments.

Researchers are evaluating how well experienced intensive care unit (ICU) physicians and nurses can predict patient mortality within 28 days compared to three established scoring models: APACHE 2, MPM 2, and MODS. This study aims to determine whether medical staff predictions are as accurate or better than these models, which are used to guide ICU admission and care management decisions. It also explores which factors most influence the predictions made by ICU staff. This research is a prospective observational study involving about 2,000 patients admitted to the ICU between 2025 and 2027. For each patient, mortality risk will be calculated using the three scoring systems, while three senior ICU physicians and one experienced ICU nurse independently estimate the risk based on their clinical judgment. The reasons behind the medical and nursing staff's mortality risk assessments will also be documented. Participants will be monitored during their ICU stay, with mortality predictions recorded and compared over a 28-day period. The study measures how accurately ICU staff and scoring systems predict mortality, helping to assess the reliability of clinical judgment versus model-based scores. The findings may inform future ICU care strategies and patient management. The study is sponsored by Meir Medical Center and does not involve any intervention or treatment changes for participants.

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a common and increasing form of arthritis worldwide, particularly affecting older adults. This research aims to compare the effects of 99Tc-MDP, a drug previously used for rheumatoid arthritis and other bone diseases, with celecoxib, a commonly prescribed oral anti-inflammatory medication, in patients with knee OA. The study is designed to better understand how these treatments may help control symptoms and potentially slow disease progression in this population. Participants will receive either 99Tc-MDP or celecoxib. The 99Tc-MDP group will be given 15 mg of the drug intravenously in 100 ml of normal saline twice weekly for 5 weeks, then weekly for 10 weeks, every 2 weeks for another 10 weeks, and finally once a month for 6 months. The celecoxib group will take a 200 mg capsule orally once daily. The study is non-randomized and open-label, meaning both participants and researchers know which treatment is given. Throughout the study, participants will be assessed at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after treatment starts. Evaluations will include pain, stiffness, and knee joint function, as well as quality of life, disease staging, and imaging measurements using bone scans. Safety will be monitored by tracking any adverse events at 3, 6, and 12 months. The total participation time covers these follow-up periods to understand the treatments' effects over time.

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common condition often treated by neurosurgical evacuation and drainage of the hematoma. This research aims to compare two drainage methods after surgery: 24 hours of active subperiosteal drainage versus 24 hours of passive subdural drainage. The study is a nationwide, randomized clinical trial conducted across all neurosurgical units in Denmark to evaluate if active drainage is not worse than passive drainage in terms of safety and recurrence. Participants will be adults with symptomatic unilateral CSDH undergoing single burr hole evacuation. Before surgery, patients will be randomly assigned to receive either 24 hours of active subperiosteal drainage or 24 hours of passive subdural drainage. Both drainage methods are already in use, but a direct comparison has not been done. The trial will monitor patients for 90 days post-surgery to assess outcomes. During the study, participants will be evaluated for mortality and recurrence of CSDH requiring reoperation within 90 days. Other assessments include complications related to surgery, length of hospital stay, and functional outcomes measured by the simplified modified Rankin scale. The study uses a double-blind design for patients and statisticians and plans to enroll 354 participants over approximately two years.

Researchers are studying whether a new method of defining the radiation target areas can improve progression-free survival and reduce radiation complications in patients with high-grade glioma. This trial compares this new target delineation approach with the standard European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) method. The goal is to see if the new method leads to better outcomes for patients after surgery. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. The trial group receives radiotherapy using the new target delineation scheme based on CT-MRI fusion images, with careful dose limits to protect sensitive brain areas. The control group receives radiotherapy following the EORTC target delineation method. Both groups receive temozolomide chemotherapy concurrently during radiotherapy at 75 mg/m² daily, followed by six cycles of adjusted temozolomide dosing after radiotherapy. During the study, participants will be monitored for progression-free survival up to three years after randomization. Researchers will also evaluate overall survival, quality of life using the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire, and the incidence of radiation-related complications. Follow-up visits and assessments will continue through study completion to track these outcomes and ensure patient safety.

This research aims to evaluate clinical outcomes and safety of Sacituzumab Govitecan in patients with metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer. It focuses on patients who have advanced stage disease and have previously received systemic treatments. The study is observational and sponsored by Fudan University, aiming to gather real-world data on this treatment's use in this patient group. Patients included in the study are those with unresectable or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer or HR+/HER2- breast cancer who have received multiple prior therapies. They receive Sacituzumab Govitecan during the advanced stage of their disease. The study monitors their treatment outcomes and collects data without altering standard care. Participants will be followed regularly according to the study protocol, with assessments including progression-free survival measured six months after the last patient enrollment and overall response rate measured up to 12 weeks. The study also includes safety monitoring and requires adherence to contraceptive measures for those of childbearing potential. The total study duration extends until August 2027.

Researchers are evaluating the combination of candenizumab, lenvatinib, and the SOX regimen for treating patients with HER2 negative advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that cannot be removed by surgery. The study focuses on patients who have not previously received systemic treatment for their advanced or metastatic disease, aiming to measure the objective response rate and observe survival outcomes and safety. The sponsor is Fujian Medical University. The study includes a phase 1 ramp-up test to adjust the dose of lenvatinib, followed by phase 2 treatment with six cycles of the combined drugs given every three weeks. Patients who do not experience disease progression enter phase 3, which involves maintenance therapy with candenizumab, lenvatinib, and tigio also every three weeks. This multi-stage treatment plan is designed to evaluate the combination therapy's effects and safety over time. Participants will be monitored regularly with assessments of tumor response, survival times, and quality of life changes. Safety evaluations include tracking adverse events, dose adjustments, and treatment pauses. The study requires participants to have measurable lesions, normal organ function, and an estimated survival time longer than three months. The total study period extends through treatment and follow-up, allowing researchers to gather comprehensive data on treatment response and tolerability.

Researchers are conducting an observational study on patients with gynecologic cancers who have been treated with advanced radiotherapy techniques such as Image Guided Radiotherapy (IGRT), Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT), and Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT). The study aims to analyze toxicity levels and clinical outcomes including tumor control and survival rates. The study includes patients treated at the IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute between January 2005 and January 2024. The study involves reviewing clinical and dosimetric data from these patients to assess acute and late treatment-related toxicities and to evaluate outcomes like local, regional, and distant control of the cancer, disease-free survival, cancer-specific survival, and overall survival. Researchers will also explore factors that may predict toxicity, disease progression, and survival, including radiomic characteristics from imaging. Participants' medical records and treatment details will be analyzed without any additional interventions. The primary measurements include survival without relapse or metastases over up to 120 months after radiotherapy completion, as well as acute toxicity within three months and late toxicity beyond three months after treatment. This long-term follow-up is intended to provide insights into the safety and effectiveness of advanced radiotherapy for gynecologic cancers.

Researchers are evaluating two different advice approaches on alcohol drinking in more than 10,000 Spanish adult drinkers aged 50 or older for men and 55 or older for women. The study aims to compare whether following a moderate alcohol drinking pattern, specifically the Mediterranean Alcohol Drinking Pattern (MADP), is not worse than abstaining from alcohol in preventing all-cause mortality and other chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, depression, dementia, and infections. This large, randomized trial addresses the ongoing debate about alcohol consumption and health risks in older adults. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups for four years. One group will receive advice to follow the MADP, which includes moderate alcohol consumption (7 or fewer drinks per week for women and 14 or fewer for men), avoiding binge drinking, preferring red wine consumed with meals, and spreading intake throughout the week. The other group will receive advice to abstain from alcohol. Both groups will receive support through quarterly remote sessions with specialized coaches, including psychologists and dietitians, involving small group meetings, personal interviews, and educational videos. During the study, participants will have four contacts per year for up to four years to receive their assigned advice and support. Researchers will monitor the incidence of a combined index of health outcomes including mortality, cardiovascular events, invasive cancer, liver cirrhosis, type 2 diabetes, depression, dementia, serious injuries, and infections requiring hospitalization. Safety and adherence will be tracked through these regular contacts and assessments. The study's main measurement is the comparison of these health outcomes between the two groups over the intervention period.

This research aims to understand how the length of time patients experience symptoms affects the results of lumbar spine surgery. It focuses on people with conditions such as degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, and disc herniation who have not improved after 3 to 6 months of conservative treatment. Surgery is considered when neurogenic claudication and positive imaging findings are present, with previous studies showing surgery can improve disability and pain for at least four years compared to conservative care. The study includes patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery for symptoms like lower back pain, radiculopathy, neurogenic claudication, leg weakness, and bowel or bladder issues. There is one study group consisting of these patients who will have surgery. The trial does not involve a comparison group or placebo, as it is observational and focuses on monitoring outcomes after surgery. Participants will be followed for at least six months after surgery. Researchers will assess disability, pain levels, musculoskeletal conditions, and patient satisfaction at this time. Data will be collected to evaluate how symptom duration before surgery relates to these outcomes. The study is sponsored by Kafrelsheikh University and plans to start in July 2025 and end in January 2026.