Oxidative Stress

This study evaluates whether a mobile phone-based mHealth Behavioural Change Communication BCC educational intervention can improve the adoption and exclusive use of Liquid Petroleum Gas LPG for cooking among households in semi-rural Bangladesh. Household air pollutants HAP from biomass fuels such as wood, agricultural residue, and cow dung expose almost 3 billion people worldwide, including 89% of people in Bangladesh. In the earlier GEOHealth study, 24 months of LPG use reduced personal PM2.5 exposure by about 58.2% and produced changes in innate immune and inflammatory responses, while chronic cardio-pulmonary markers remained relatively stable. More than 70% of households continued using LPG after the earlier study, although not exclusively. The investigators will conduct a large household-level randomized controlled trial using an mHealth-based educational intervention and will continue following the cohort. The study will examine the long-term effects of HAP reduction on subclinical measures of cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction, innate and inflammatory immune function, and antibody response to vaccines. Personal 24-hour and area-wise 5-day exposure to PM2.5 and black carbon will be repeatedly assessed before and after the intervention. Lung function and lung pathology will be assessed using spirometry, Chest X-ray, and high-resolution computed tomography of the chest. Cardiovascular measures will include blood pressure and EKG, while metabolic dysfunction will be assessed using HbA1c and fasting lipid profile. Immune function will be evaluated through immune cell phenotyping, functional cytotoxic killer cells, and oxidative stress of lymphocytes.

Researchers are conducting a phase I clinical trial to explore a new type of cancer vaccine called the polyphenol whole tumor cell vaccine for patients with advanced malignant solid tumors. These tumors include cancers originating in epithelial, mesenchymal, or nervous tissues. The study aims to find the effective dose, assess safety and tolerability, and ultimately provide new treatment options to help control the disease long-term. This vaccine is based on previous promising research that showed enhanced immune responses and tumor suppression in animal models. The trial involves administering the polyphenol whole tumor cell vaccine at different dose levels to small groups of patients using a 33 dose escalation design. Patients receive five doses of basal immunization on days 0, 14, 28, 42, and 56, followed by individualized treatments of one dose per month for four months, depending on tumor assessment. The vaccine includes tumor cells coated with plant polyphenols and uses bacterial lipopolysaccharide as an adjuvant to stimulate the immune system against multiple tumor antigens. Participants will be closely monitored throughout the study for safety and side effects from the first dose until 14 days after the last vaccination. Researchers will also evaluate tumor response, progression-free survival, and overall survival over about one year. The study includes thorough assessments of organ function, blood tests, and tumor measurements. The trial is expected to last until the end of 2026 and aims to provide important information on the vaccines safety and preliminary anti-tumor activity in patients with advanced solid tumors.

This trial evaluates BX-001N, an investigational drug, to prevent acute kidney injury CSA-AKI and major adverse kidney events MAKE following cardiac surgery. It is a randomized, single-blind, multi-center, placebo-controlled phase 2a study involving approximately 50 adults aged 19 to 90 years with aortic disease scheduled for cardiac surgery using total circulatory arrest. The study aims to assess the drugs effects on kidney function markers and adverse kidney events after surgery. Participants will be assigned to one of four groups two experimental groups receiving either low or high doses of BX-001N intravenously once daily for three days, and two placebo groups receiving matching placebo infusions on the same schedule. Hospitalization for the study lasts from one day before surgery through Day 7, during which the investigational product is administered. Follow-up visits continue up to Day 90 to monitor efficacy and safety. During the study, participants will have regular assessments including measurements of kidney injury biomarkers such as NGAL, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate eGFR, cystatin C, TIMP-2, IGFBP7, and blood urea nitrogen BUN. Researchers will also track major adverse renal events through Day 90. Safety and adherence will be monitored throughout, with follow-up visits conducted at the study site to evaluate participant health and kidney function after treatment ends.

Researchers are evaluating whether breathing oxygen in a pressurized chamber after intense cycling exercise can help competitive male cyclists recover better and improve their performance the next day. The study focuses on healthy male road cyclists aged 18 to 40 who compete at the national level in Belgium. Despite widespread use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in sports recovery, clear scientific evidence of its benefits after a single session of strenuous endurance exercise is lacking. Participants complete a fatiguing cycling session then are randomly assigned to one of four groups receiving different oxygen levels during recovery. Two groups breathe pure oxygen at increased pressures of 2.5 or 1.4 atmospheres absolute inside a hyperbaric chamber. Another group breathes pure oxygen at normal atmospheric pressure, and the fourth receives a sham treatment that mimics the chamber environment without extra oxygen. The study is double-blind, so neither participants nor assessors know who receives which treatment. During the study, researchers measure next-day endurance performance by assessing the decline in time to exhaustion relative to baseline. Blood samples and physiological data are also collected to understand recovery mechanisms. Participation involves one hour of oxygen exposure after exercise, and the study spans about 18 months to capture these effects. Safety and recovery responses are closely monitored throughout.

This research aims to evaluate the potential of transferring mitochondria from a womans own adipose stem cells to her oocytes during intracytoplasmic sperm injection ICSI to improve embryo development and increase the success rate for women who have experienced multiple failed IVF attempts. Embryo quality is crucial for successful assisted reproductive technologies, and factors such as age and genetics can affect this. Since oocytes depend heavily on mitochondria for energy, boosting mitochondrial content may enhance embryo quality in patients with repeated IVF failures. In this study, mature sibling oocytes will be randomly divided into two groups. One group will undergo conventional ICSI, while the other group will receive mitochondria transplanted from adipose-derived stem cells together with ICSI called Mito-ICSI. Viable blastocysts from both groups will be biopsied for genetic testing to check for chromosome abnormalities. This randomized, double-blind study compares the outcomes of these two approaches. Participants will provide adipose tissue samples through subcutaneous liposuction and consent to have all embryos frozen and biopsied for genetic testing. Researchers will monitor embryo development rates up to 8 weeks after the procedure and track pregnancy outcomes, such as clinical pregnancy rates, live births, and complications, over up to 24 months. The study involves close monitoring and assessments to evaluate the effects of the mitochondrial transfer on embryo quality and pregnancy success.

The trial investigates liver transplantation outcomes by comparing two methods of graft implantation following normothermic machine perfusion NMP. It aims to determine whether avoiding graft recooling before implantation reduces early graft dysfunction and improves early post-transplant results. The study focuses on adult recipients of deceased-donor liver grafts preserved with NMP or sequential hypothermic-normothermic machine perfusion SHNMP. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups the intervention group receives liver grafts implanted without recooling, using a room-temperature 5% albumin flush immediately before reperfusion, while the control group undergoes the standard procedure involving recooling with a cold preservation solution flush before implantation. This is an open-label, parallel-group trial conducted at multiple centers. Participants will be monitored and followed for 90 days after transplantation. Researchers will assess the incidence of Early Allograft Dysfunction EAD within seven days post-transplant, as defined by the Olthoff criteria. Secondary outcomes include evaluation of ischemia-reperfusion injury, vascular and biliary complications, survival rates, hospital stay length, transfusion needs, and safety. The study involves clinical assessments and monitoring throughout the follow-up period to evaluate graft and patient outcomes.

Climate change involves rising global temperatures, melting glaciers, and warmer oceans, leading to increased greenhouse gases like nitrogen and carbon dioxide that harm air and water quality. These changes contribute to extreme weather events such as heat waves, floods, and hurricanes. This research focuses on understanding how climate change and air pollution affect individuals with chronic lung diseases including COPD, asthma, bronchiectasis, and interstitial lung disease. The study aims to assess patients awareness of climate change, heat waves, air pollution, and how these factors interact with their physical activity, anxiety, and depression levels.

Fibromyalgia is a common chronic pain disorder that causes widespread muscle pain along with symptoms like fatigue, sleep problems, cognitive issues, and anxiety or depression. This study evaluates fibromyalgia and related symptoms using tailored questionnaires and explores the biological role of a specific lipid, LPC160, which previous research suggests may be involved in fibromyalgia pain and could serve as a diagnostic biomarker. Adults with fibromyalgia meeting standard criteria and healthy adults without pain are enrolled over five years. Patients receive conventional treatments such as Pregabalin and Imipramine and undergo clinical follow-ups. The study uses questionnaires to assess pain, soreness, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and stress at 2 and 4 weeks, alongside metabolomic and lipidomic tests at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months to investigate biological changes. Participants will attend interviews and complete multiple questionnaires to track symptom changes over time. Researchers will monitor biological markers in blood samples and assess questionnaire results to understand fibromyalgias pathophysiology better. The study runs through June 2027, aiming to validate the clinical significance of LPC160 as a biomarker for fibromyalgia.

This trial investigates whether taking a nutritional supplement daily for two months can improve skin health measures in women aged 45 to 65 years. It is a national, single-center, double-blind, randomized pilot study designed to compare a food supplement against a placebo, with safety overseen by the sponsor. The study focuses on skin aging and hair and skin condition in healthy adult women with normal to dry skin. Participants will receive either a powder food supplement or a matching placebo to dissolve in water, taken once daily for 56 days. The placebo resembles the active supplement in taste and appearance, both provided as orange-flavored instant drinks in sachets. The study includes visits at the start, after 28 days, and after 56 days of supplementation to monitor progress. Throughout the trial, participants will keep a diary to record skin status and any side effects. Researchers will assess skin physiological parameters at baseline, day 28, and day 56. They will also evaluate subject satisfaction, skin and hair quality, and monitor any adverse events during the full study period to understand the supplements effects and tolerability.

Researchers are evaluating a new treatment approach for children, adolescents, and young adults newly diagnosed with classical Hodgkin lymphoma cHL. This study aims to improve early complete response rates while maintaining high 4-year event-free survival across all risk groups. The trial explores replacing certain drugs in the previous standard chemotherapy regimen with Brentuximab vedotin to reduce the need for radiation therapy and lower long-term side effects. The trial uses a modified chemotherapy regimen called Bv-AEPC, where Brentuximab vedotin replaces vincristine and bleomycin. Patients are grouped by risk level low, intermediate, high. Those in the intermediate and high-risk groups who do not achieve complete metabolic remission early will receive more intensive treatment with additional drugs and potentially a PD-1 antibody, along with stem cell transplant or radiation if needed. Treatment plans adapt based on PETCT scan results to improve outcomes and minimize toxicity. Participants will undergo early and late assessments using PETCT scans to measure metabolic response. Researchers will monitor event-free survival, overall survival, and response rates over five years. The study involves regular follow-ups to evaluate treatment effects, with the goal of reducing radiation exposure and improving long-term health. Children and young adults will receive comprehensive care and monitoring throughout the trial period, which starts with enrollment at age 2 through 35 years and continues with several years of outcome assessment.