Presbyopia

Eye disease affects billions worldwide, causing vision problems that impact daily life and productivity. This research focuses on eye health in coastal Bangladesh, a region with high poverty, limited healthcare access, and environmental risks that increase eye disease prevalence. The study evaluates a community-based eye screening program using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to detect conditions like diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, cataracts, and age-related macular degeneration, aiming to improve early diagnosis and care in underserved areas. The program offers a twelve-step eye screening process supported by AI-assisted fundus imaging, combined with partnerships among local organizations and healthcare providers. Screening includes community outreach, vision tests, blood pressure and glucose checks, optometrist evaluations, and selective AI imaging for higher-risk individuals based on age, diabetes, hypertension, or symptoms. Patients diagnosed with severe cataracts are offered surgery through local or regional services. The approach integrates data collection, AI analysis, clinical examinations, counseling, and referrals to support comprehensive eye care. Participants aged 35 and older from the Char Fasson sub-district undergo screening and follow-up over several months. The study collects demographic, clinical, and imaging data securely, with informed consent for storing fundus images. Researchers monitor the number of individuals screened and the prevalence of eye diseases. Safety and data privacy are maintained using encrypted systems and compliance with ethical standards. The program's feasibility, cost, and effectiveness in improving eye care accessibility are assessed throughout the study.

Researchers are evaluating self-reported quality of vision and quality of life in physicians and medical students undergoing LASIK, SMILE, and PRK eye surgeries. The study focuses on understanding how these procedures affect vision and daily life over a 12-month period. Participants must meet specific medical and ophthalmic criteria to be considered suitable candidates for these refractive surgeries. Participants will have a thorough eye exam including slit lamp and dilated fundoscopic examinations, as well as computerized videokeratography before enrollment. Those eligible will undergo bilateral simultaneous LASIK, SMILE, or PRK surgery. The Quality of Vision Questionnaire is used to assess outcomes before surgery and at 3 and 12 months post-operation. Standard post-operative care includes topical antibiotics and anti-inflammatory eye drops as appropriate. Participants will attend visits before surgery, on the day of surgery, and at 1 day, 1 month, 3 months, and 12 months afterward, with additional visits as needed. The study measures include self-reported vision quality and quality of life, predictability of vision correction, changes in visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity. Follow-up is conducted under the care of the treating physician to monitor safety and progress for up to one year.

Researchers are evaluating the wearing experience of the A.M.L. series of lenses in children with myopia aged 6 to 12 years. The study aims to find out how quickly and effectively children adapt to these lenses and the proportion who adapt within 4 to 6 days. This research responds to the rising prevalence of myopia in children and focuses on comfort, adaptation, and user satisfaction beyond just vision correction. In this one-arm, interventional study, 40 myopic children will wear the A.M.L. series of lenses continuously for two weeks. Participants will have scheduled visits to assess their adaptation and comfort at day 4 to 6, at one week, and at two weeks. The study focuses solely on this device without a comparison group. During the study, participants will be monitored for adaptation by checking if they experience any symptoms while wearing the lenses. Visual comfort, wearing time, and overall satisfaction will be evaluated using questionnaires at multiple time points. The main outcome is the proportion of children who adapt within 4 to 6 days without symptoms. The total participation lasts two weeks with follow-up visits to track progress and user experience.

Phacoemulsification is a common cataract surgery performed under topical anesthesia, which is generally safe but can cause pain, anxiety, and discomfort for some patients. This research evaluates the effect of oral anti-anxiety medication, specifically Alprazolam, on improving patient satisfaction during second eye cataract surgery. The study aims to clarify whether oral sedation can reduce pain, anxiety, and side effects like nausea and dizziness compared to no sedation during phacoemulsification. Patients will receive either a single oral dose of Alprazolam or a placebo tablet 30 minutes before surgery. The dose of Alprazolam is 0.5 mg for most patients, with a reduced 0.25 mg dose for those over 65 years or with liver disease. The study compares these groups to assess how oral sedation affects anxiety, pain, and surgical satisfaction. This is an extension study involving patients undergoing surgery on their second eye with topical anesthesia. During the trial, participants will complete questionnaires assessing pain, anxiety, and overall satisfaction before and after surgery. Researchers will monitor intraoperative discomfort and postoperative anxiety levels. Data from approximately 250 patients will be collected and analyzed for these outcomes. This study runs from March 2025 to December 2027, focusing on improving cataract surgery experiences safely and conveniently.

Researchers are studying the changes in the ocular surface microbiota in patients who have undergone femtosecond laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) surgery. The study focuses on understanding how these microbiota changes relate to dry eye syndrome (DES) caused by FS-LASIK. By analyzing these changes, new treatment ideas for patients with FS-LASIK induced DES may be developed, and the incidence of this condition might be reduced. The study will include 160 postoperative patients divided into two groups: those with dry eye and those without. Microbial samples from the conjunctival sac will be collected before and after surgery. The ocular surface microbiota changes will be analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing technology to evaluate their impact on FS-LASIK induced DES. Participants will undergo dry eye examinations, conjunctival sac microbiota sampling, and corneal nerve condition assessments before the surgery and on postoperative day 90. Researchers will track these measurements to understand the relationship between microbiota changes and dry eye development after FS-LASIK. The total participation duration includes preoperative and 90 days postoperative evaluations to monitor outcomes and collect relevant data.

Myopia is increasing rapidly worldwide, with projections estimating nearly half the global population affected by 2050. Corneal refractive surgeries like SMILE and FS-LASIK are common methods to correct myopia, but some patients experience overcorrection or undercorrection after surgery due to limitations in preoperative refraction precision. This trial investigates whether using a binocular wavefront optometry machine to perform 0.05 D precision refraction before surgery can improve postoperative visual quality in patients undergoing these procedures. The study involves two groups: one receiving traditional refraction methods and the other using 0.05 D precision refraction with the Binocular Wavefront Optometry Machine for surgical planning. Eligible patients opting for SMILE or FS-LASIK will have their precise refraction data entered into surgical platforms, which then guide the refractive correction during surgery. Follow-up visits are scheduled at 10 days, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year to monitor outcomes. Participants will undergo assessments including uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity, spherical and cylindrical power measurements, spherical equivalent, and ocular aberrations at multiple time points before and after surgery. Safety monitoring includes intraocular pressure and anterior segment examinations. The study aims to measure the proportion of patients achieving specific visual acuity levels and refractive accuracy, with data collected over a one-year postoperative period.

Researchers are evaluating the clinical use of advanced eye imaging tools such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), retinal function imager (RFI), slit-lamp biomicroscopy (SLB), and pattern electroretinogram (PERG) in both diseased eyes and healthy controls. The study includes people with various eye-related conditions including multiple sclerosis, dry eye syndromes, diabetic retinopathy, presbyopia, myopia, and dementia. The study aims to better understand eye conditions through detailed imaging and functional assessments. The study has two phases. The first phase is observational, where participants undergo imaging and eye examinations without treatment. The second phase is interventional, where participants take an over-the-counter medical food called Ocufolin daily for six months with a gradually increasing dose. Participants in the interventional phase take one capsule each morning for one week, two capsules each morning for the second week, and three capsules each morning for the remaining four and a half months. Participants will be followed and assessed for up to two years. Eye structure and function will be measured using OCT, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), functional slit-lamp biomicroscopy (FSLB), and retinal function imager (RFI). Measurements include retinal microstructure, retinal and conjunctival blood flow, corneal thickness, and tear film thickness. The study includes regular imaging and visual acuity testing, with the goal of understanding changes in eye health and vascular function over time.

This research aims to verify the accuracy of the EpiMaster application software's predictions for post-operative results in patients undergoing PTK-PRK refractive treatments. The study focuses on people with myopic or myopic and astigmatic refractive errors and compares predicted outcomes with actual clinical data after surgery. This observational study does not use the EpiMaster software during treatment but collects data to assess its prediction capabilities. Participants will receive PTK-PRK refractive treatment following routine clinical practice using the CZM MEL 90 Excimer Laser. The study does not involve any experimental procedures or interventions beyond standard care. The aim is to gather postoperative data to evaluate how well the software predicts the refractive outcomes, considering epithelial remodeling. During the study, participants will undergo follow-up visits and examinations as part of their routine care and data collection. Researchers will measure the difference between the spherical equivalent (SE) measured after surgery and the SE predicted by the EpiMaster software, with the primary outcome assessed at six months post-treatment. Participants need to agree to attend all follow-ups and understand the study information before enrolling. The study is expected to continue until mid-2027.

Researchers are studying the relationship between clinical factors and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients who receive tropicamide/phenylephrine 8 mg/50 mg/mL. This study aims to identify which clinical determinants may increase the risk of these reactions and provide safety information for this commonly used ophthalmic drug combination. It also seeks to establish safety measures for patients undergoing eye examinations or surgery where these drugs are used. The study involves hospitalized patients scheduled for surgery who will receive two drops of tropicamide/phenylephrine 8 mg/50 mg/mL. Vital signs will be measured before administration and then at several time points afterward, including 5, 15, 30 minutes, and 1, 2, and 3 hours post-administration. Data will be collected using questionnaires and analyzed to find associations between clinical factors and adverse reactions. Participants will be monitored closely through vital sign checks and questionnaires during the study period. Researchers will evaluate adverse drug reactions and clinical determinants to understand their connection. The main outcome is to assess vital signs at set intervals following drug administration and identify any adverse reactions. The study is observational and aims to enhance the safety profile of this medication in hospitalized patients.

Researchers are studying how different types of intraocular lenses (IOLs) affect visual performance in low light and low contrast conditions after cataract surgery. The study compares three IOL models to understand their impact on vision, nighttime side effects, and patient satisfaction. The goal is to better correlate objective measures with patient-reported visual experiences, including dysphotopsia, which are visual disturbances like glare or halos. Participants will be grouped based on the type of Tecnis intraocular lens they have received: Monofocals, Symfony Optiblue, or Odyssey models. They will complete questionnaires about their vision and undergo a variety of visual tests using specialized devices. These tests include measuring visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, pupil size, defocus curves, and photic phenomena under different lighting and color conditions. The study also includes slit-lamp exams and intraocular pressure measurements. During the study visit, participants will answer two vision questionnaires in random order and undergo multiple eye exams and tests to assess their visual function and symptoms. Researchers will track outcomes such as low contrast defocus curve, halometry, and patient questionnaire results. Secondary measures include best corrected distance visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, pupil size, and evaluation for posterior capsular opacification or need for YAG capsulotomy. The study begins in September 2025 and will continue through August 2026.