Study of Standardized Pressure-Monitored Laryngeal Mask Airway Use to Reduce Complications in Elderly Surgery Patients

What this Trial Is About

Researchers are studying elderly patients aged 60 and older undergoing elective non-cardiothoracic and head and neck surgeries to evaluate how standardized process management of laryngeal mask airway LMA placement based on pressure monitoring affects the occurrence of adverse reactions during the perioperative period. The study aims to address problems related to improper LMA placement, airway obstruction, and complications like postoperative sore throat and pulmonary issues, which are especially concerning in elderly patients with weakened airway tissues and reduced chest compliance. This research is important because current clinical practice lacks standardized pressure monitoring during LMA use, and improving this could enhance patient safety and recovery. The trial compares two approaches an experimental group where LMA cuff pressure, sealing pressure, and leakage pressure are continuously monitored and adjusted in real time using a pressure monitor device and a control group where these pressures are measured only once after empirical inflation to ensure ventilation. This randomized, single-blind study involves standardized management of LMA insertion, including selection, placement, maintenance, and patient positioning to maintain proper LMA alignment and effective ventilation. The study explores dynamic pressure monitoring and adaptive adjustments during surgery, particularly in different body positions. Participants will be assessed for the incidence of sore throat at multiple timepoints after LMA removal, as well as occurrences of LMA displacement during surgery and pulmonary complications within seven days after surgery. Other evaluations include hospital stay length, arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, inflammatory factor changes, alignment scoring of the LMA shortly after placement, and hospitalization costs. The study emphasizes careful monitoring of adverse events and aims to generate reliable evidence to improve airway management and patient outcomes in elderly surgical patients over a total participation period covering surgery and follow-up assessments.

The Influence of Standardized Process Management of Laryngeal Mask Airway Placement Based on Pressure Monitoring on the Incidence of Adverse Reactions in Elderly Patients During the Perioperative Period