Thrissur

Researchers are evaluating the use of non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) compared to no anticoagulation in people who have experienced transient atrial fibrillation episodes triggered by stress and have additional risk factors for stroke. This multinational, investigator-initiated Phase 4 trial aims to prevent stroke and other serious cardiovascular events in this group by assessing the effects of NOACs on two main outcomes: the occurrence of non-hemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism, and a combination of vascular death and other major cardiovascular problems, over a follow-up period lasting until the last participant reaches 24 months of observation. Participants in the study are randomly assigned to either receive one of several NOAC medications—edoxaban, apixaban, dabigatran, or rivaroxaban—with dosing adjusted as needed and chosen by their prescribing doctor, or to receive no oral anticoagulation. The treatment continues throughout the follow-up period. The trial is open-label, meaning both researchers and participants know which treatment is given. The study specifically focuses on patients who had transient atrial fibrillation related to stress, such as after certain surgeries or acute medical illness. During the study, participants undergo regular monitoring to track the incidence of stroke, embolism, vascular death, heart attacks, blood clots, and other cardiovascular events. Researchers collect information over up to two years to evaluate these outcomes. Safety and adherence to treatment are also monitored. This thorough follow-up helps determine the impact of NOAC treatment compared to no anticoagulation in this particular patient population.

This research focuses on patients who have experienced trauma and aims to evaluate how well certain blood test ratios, specifically the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and platelet-neutrophil ratio (PNR), can predict early trauma-induced coagulopathy (ETIC) during hospital admission. Trauma, including injuries from road traffic collisions, suicide, and homicide, significantly affects health and often leads to serious or life-changing outcomes. The study explores the role of platelets in blood clotting and immune response, and how PLR and PNR might reflect the body's balance of inflammation and immunity after trauma. Participants are patients who arrive at the emergency department (ED) within 6 hours of a traumatic event. The study observes the PLR and PNR values obtained on admission to help with early risk assessment and management decisions for trauma patients. No experimental treatments or interventions are applied; the study is observational and evaluates routine blood tests sent by the ED physician. During the study, patients' blood test results and coagulation profiles are tracked to measure the accuracy of PLR and PNR in predicting ETIC within 24 hours. Researchers monitor the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of these ratios. This study helps understand whether these blood markers can be useful for early referral and prognosis in trauma care, particularly in settings with limited resources.