Sialkot

Researchers are investigating the effects of a cardiac rehabilitation program with and without progressive resisted exercises on patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at least 8 weeks prior. The study focuses on individuals aged 70 to 80 years who experience dyspnea and have a recent history of primary heart diseases such as coronary heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, or acute angina. This randomized clinical trial aims to assess improvements in symptoms and quality of life after PCI treatment. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. The intervention group will receive aerobic training three times a week at 60-70% of their maximum heart rate for eight weeks, combined with resistance training using the Delorme technique. This resistance training includes seven specific exercises performed in 3 sets of 10 repetitions with gradually increasing intensity. The control group will undergo standard outpatient cardiac rehabilitation involving walking, cycling, strength training, and warm-up and cool-down periods but will not perform the Delorme exercises. They will also receive a diet chart to follow. Throughout the study, data will be collected using tools such as the 6-minute walk test, Rose Angina or Settle Angina questionnaires, Quality of Life Scale, and Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale at baseline and after four weeks. Researchers will evaluate changes in quality of life, dyspnea severity, and angina symptoms. The study will analyze data with appropriate statistical tests to understand the benefits of adding progressive resisted exercises to traditional cardiac rehabilitation in this older patient population.

Researchers are investigating the effects of Pilates exercises with and without whole body vibration on posture, disability, and pain in individuals with upper cross syndrome (UCS). This randomized controlled trial focuses on young adults aged 20 to 40 years with UCS, a condition characterized by postural issues such as rounded shoulder posture. The study aims to compare how Pilates combined with whole body vibration versus Pilates alone influences pain levels, posture correction, and functional disability over a four-week period. Participants are divided into two groups receiving different treatments. Both groups will undergo two sessions per week for four consecutive weeks. Group A will receive Pilates exercises alone, while Group B will perform Pilates exercises combined with whole body vibration. Before exercises, all participants receive a hot pack treatment lasting 15 to 20 minutes. Each session lasts between 55 minutes and one hour, and all treatments are administered by trained physical therapists. During the study, participants' pain, posture, and disability will be evaluated using tools such as the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Universal Goniometer (UG), and Modified Oswestry Disability Index (MODI). Measurements will be taken before and after the four-week treatment period. Researchers will analyze the data to determine any changes in pain intensity, range of motion, and functional disability. The total duration of participation is four weeks, with assessments conducted at baseline and after treatment completion.

This research aims to study postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) in pregnant females aged 19 to 35 years, a condition marked by a rapid increase in heart rate upon standing. POTS often causes symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, brain fog, lightheadedness, rapid heartbeat, and palpitations. It most commonly affects females of reproductive age and can be triggered by viral infections, trauma, and hormonal changes. Pregnancy can worsen symptoms, especially during the first trimester due to hormonal shifts and changes in blood volume. The study is a randomized clinical trial conducted at Bashir Hospital Sialkot and Fatima Hospital Sialkot over 10 months. It will include 44 participants divided into two groups: the experimental group will perform diaphragmatic breathing exercises daily for 5 minutes over 30 days, while the control group will receive educational retraining on lifestyle adjustments. Both groups will also receive baseline treatments involving progressive muscle relaxation techniques. Educational retraining advises gradual position changes, hydration, avoidance of prolonged standing and heat, and use of compression stockings. Participants will have their symptoms assessed using the Vanderbilt Orthostatic Symptom Score to evaluate orthostatic intolerance. Heart rate and blood pressure will be monitored with non-invasive devices and pulse oximetry over 6 weeks. Researchers will analyze changes in symptoms, blood pressure, and heart rate to understand the effects of breathing exercises. Data will be analyzed using SPSS software after study completion.

This research aims to assess the combined effects of core stabilization exercises and Myofascial Induction Therapy on postpartum low back pain, core endurance, and quality of life. The study involves 40 female participants aged 20 to 45 years who have given birth vaginally within the past six months and experience low back pain with a Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) score between 3 and 8. The trial is conducted as a randomized controlled study at Bashir Hospital and Fatima Hospital in Sialkot. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. The experimental group receives Myofascial Induction Therapy applied for 40 minutes per session, three times a week for eight weeks, combined with core stabilization exercises consisting of five sets of 10 repetitions with 10 seconds rest between sets, also performed three times weekly for eight weeks. The control group performs only the core stabilization exercises on the same schedule. Both groups receive baseline treatment involving a hot pack and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) for 15 minutes. During the study, researchers measure lumbar pain, core endurance, and quality of life before and after treatment using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, the Supine Bridge Test, and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). The total treatment period lasts eight weeks with assessments conducted at the start and end. Data will be analyzed using SPSS software to evaluate the impact of the therapies on postpartum low back pain and related outcomes.

Cervical radiculopathy is a condition affecting the cervical nerve root causing symptoms like severe neck and arm pain and reduced function. Researchers are studying how laser guided proprioceptive exercises combined with conventional physical therapy impact pain, neck movement, functional disability, and joint position sense in people with this condition. This randomized controlled trial will take place at Islam Central Hospital, Sialkot, with 52 participants divided into two groups. One group will receive laser guided proprioceptive exercises along with routine physical therapy, and the other group will receive only routine physical therapy. Both groups will have 50-minute therapy sessions, three times a week for three weeks, totaling nine sessions. The laser guided exercises aim to improve joint sense error and cervical range of motion. Participants will be assessed before treatment and four weeks after treatment using tools like the Numeric Pain Rating Scale for pain, Bubble In-clinometer for neck movement, Laser tracker for joint position sense error, and the Neck Disability Index for functional disability. Data will be analyzed statistically to compare results between the groups and over time. The study focuses on evaluating changes in pain, range of motion, joint sense, and disability after the interventions.

This research aims to explore how combining Otago exercises with systematic desensitization affects balance, fall risk, and fear of falling (basophobia) among older adults who have experienced a stroke. Stroke survivors often face higher risks of falling and balance problems, which can impact daily life and recovery. The study focuses on post-stroke patients aged 40 to 70 years and addresses these challenges by combining physical and psychological therapies. Participants will be divided into three groups receiving different treatments over the study period: one group will receive Otago exercises, systematic desensitization, and routine physical therapy; a second group will receive Otago exercises and routine physical therapy; and a third group will receive systematic desensitization with routine physical therapy. These treatments include warm-ups, balance and strength exercises, flexibility stretches, relaxation training, gradual exposure to fear-inducing situations, and feedback sessions. Each program lasts several minutes per session with specific exercises and psychological strategies tailored to improve balance and reduce fear. Throughout the study, researchers will assess participants' balance and fall risk using tools like the Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go test, Functional Reach Test, Fall Risk Assessment Scale, Fall Efficacy Scale International, and a fear of fall questionnaire. Assessments will be done before treatment, at four weeks, and after the intervention. Data will be analyzed to understand how these combined therapies impact balance, fall risk, and basophobia in post-stroke older adults, helping to guide future rehabilitation approaches.

Hemophilia is a genetic disorder causing a deficiency in clotting factors VIII or IX, leading to internal bleeding, especially in muscles and joints. This often results in knee hemarthrosis in children, which causes pain, swelling, and limited joint movement. Researchers are evaluating photobiomodulation, a non-invasive light therapy, to see if it can reduce these symptoms in male hemophilia patients aged 9 to 14 years when added to standard treatments like clotting factor replacement and physiotherapy. Participants will receive photobiomodulation therapy, also known as low-level laser therapy, which uses light to stimulate cell activity, reduce inflammation, and promote healing. This treatment will be given for 10 minutes, three times a week, after an acute internal bleed or swelling. The study will assess the therapy's effects over a 3-day period alongside usual care. During the study, pain intensity will be measured using a Visual Analogue Scale, swelling will be assessed with a measuring tape, and joint range of motion will be evaluated using a goniometer, all on the third day after treatment. Data will be collected before and after the intervention to determine the therapy's impact on knee joint function and hemarthrosis severity. The total number of participants will be 24, and the study will be conducted at Sundas Foundation, Sialkot.

Cerebral palsy is a condition affecting development and motor skills due to early damage to the central nervous system. It causes muscle stiffness, spasticity, fragility, and uncontrolled movements. This trial evaluates the effects of Universal Exercise Unit (UEU) therapy combined with task-oriented training compared to task-oriented training alone in children aged 5 to 15 years with spastic cerebral palsy. The goal is to improve balance, coordination, and motor function by engaging key sensory systems. The study is a randomized clinical trial conducted over 10 months at the Sialkot Medical and Physiotherapy Center. Participants are split into two groups: Group A receives UEU therapy with task-oriented strength training, including exercises like leg press, sit to stand, and step ups; Group B receives task-oriented training focusing on daily activities such as walking, stair climbing, and reaching. Training sessions last 6 weeks with two sessions per week, and exercises are tailored to target specific functional limitations. Participants will be assessed before and after each session using tools such as the Gross Motor Function Measure 88, Trunk Impairment Scale, and Pediatric Berg Balance Scale to measure changes in gross motor function, trunk control, and balance. Data will be analyzed statistically to determine the impact of the therapies. The total study involvement includes regular training and evaluation sessions across the 6-week intervention period.

Researchers are evaluating the effects of two soft tissue techniques, Graston Technique (GT) and Active Release Technique (ART), on females with nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP). NSLBP is characterized by tension, soreness, or stiffness in the lower back with no known cause. Reduced hamstring flexibility is linked to NSLBP, and this study aims to compare how these two techniques impact hamstring flexibility, pain, and disability in affected women. The trial is a randomized clinical study conducted at Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital Sialkot with 40 female participants. Participants will be divided into two groups of 20 women each. One group will receive the Graston Technique, which uses a specialized instrument with lubricant to break up adhesions on the hamstrings for 2.5 minutes per leg, applied twice a week. The other group will receive the Active Release Technique involving gentle tension and stretching of the hamstrings in three steps, also for 2.5 minutes per leg twice weekly. Both groups will additionally receive conventional treatment including a hot pack for 10 minutes, passive stretching, and core stability therapeutic exercises performed twice weekly with 10-second holds. During the study, researchers will measure pain levels using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, hamstring flexibility via the Universal Goniometer (measuring active knee extension and popliteal angle), and disability using the Oswestry Disability Index. These assessments will be done at the start and after 4 weeks of treatment. Data will be analyzed to determine the comparative effects of these two techniques on improving pain, flexibility, and disability in females with NSLBP.

Neck pain is becoming increasingly common among school-aged children, often linked to prolonged use of electronic devices and poor posture, especially forward head posture, sometimes called "text neck syndrome." Other factors like sedentary habits, heavy school bags, and rapid adolescent growth contribute to this problem. While many studies have focused on adults and teenagers, research on younger children is limited. This trial explores the effects of fun physical activities, cervical stretching exercises, and postural education on reducing neck pain and improving posture in school children. The trial involves fourteen school-going teenagers with forward neck posture and neck pain, randomly divided into two groups. Group A receives an eight-week program of fun-game activities including warm-ups, neck and posture exercises like chin tucks, wall angels, plank on knees, and balloon reach, performed three times per week for 30 minutes per session. The exercises increase in difficulty every two weeks to enhance neck mobility and posture control. Group B performs isometric neck exercises and continues their usual school activities without additional structured training. Participants will be assessed using a goniometer to measure neck movement, the Neck Disability Index to evaluate functional impact of neck pain, and the Visual Analogue Scale for pain intensity. Data collection occurs at two schools in Sialkot over eight weeks. Researchers will monitor changes in neck motion, pain, and posture to understand the effects of the intervention. The study uses a controlled trial design with convenient sampling and includes safety measures to exclude children with scoliosis, injury-related pain, or recent surgery.